Table 2 Sociodemographic characteristics associated with PPV and supplemental O2 in the delivery room in newborns with ≥ 34 weeks/gestation
PPV | P-value | Supplemental O2 | P-value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | |||
Source of payment of birth | ||||||
Public (18,021) | 755 | 4.2 | 0.029 | 2,272 | 12.6 | <0.001 |
Private (4,700) | 164 | 3.5 | 701 | 14.9 | ||
Age in years | ||||||
12–19 (4,269) | 210 | 4.9 | <0.001 | 519 | 12.2 | 0.013 |
20–34 (16,061) | 591 | 3.7 | 2,104 | 13.1 | ||
≥ 35 (2,384) | 116 | 4.9 | 350 | 14.7 | ||
Years of schooling | ||||||
≤ 7 (5,979) | 225 | 3.8 | 0.494 | 686 | 11.5 | <0.001 |
8 to 10 (5,778) | 236 | 4.1 | 727 | 12.6 | ||
11 to 14 (8,800) | 370 | 4.2 | 1,243 | 14.1 | ||
≥ 15 (2,050) | 76 | 3.7 | 303 | 14.8 | ||
Previous births | ||||||
0 (10,539) | 480 | 4.6 | 0.001 | 1,488 | 14.1 | <0.001 |
1–2 (9,826) | 356 | 3.6 | 1,230 | 12.5 | ||
≥ 3 (2,355) | 83 | 3.5 | 255 | 10.8 | ||
Fetal presentation | ||||||
Cefalic (21,798) | 877 | 4.0 | 0.407 | 2,815 | 12.9 | <0.001 |
Non-cefalic (n = 922) | 42 | 4.6 | 159 | 17.3 | ||
Type of pregnancy | ||||||
Single (22,257) | 883 | 4.0 | <0.001 | 2,857 | 12.8 | <0.001 |
Multiple (463) | 36 | 7.8 | 117 | 25.3 | ||
Obstetric risk | ||||||
Any (5,072) | 303 | 6.0 | <0.001 | 883 | 17.4 | <0.001 |
Hypertensive disorders (2,417) | 151 | 6.3 | <0.001 | 443 | 18.4 | <0.001 |
Diabetes (pre-gestational or gestational) (1,951) | 105 | 5.4 | 0.002 | 318 | 16.3 | <0.001 |
Abruptio placentae (219) | 26 | 12.0 | <0.001 | 50 | 23.0 | <0.001 |
Placental praevia (100) | 6 | 6.0 | 0.322 | 24 | 23.8 | 0.001 |
Intra uterine growth restriction (1,118) | 83 | 7.5 | <0.001 | 211 | 18.9 | <0.001 |
Gestational age in weeks | ||||||
34–36 (2,002) | 180 | 9.0 | <0.001 | 469 | 23.5 | <0.001 |
37–38 (8,276) | 274 | 3.3 | 990 | 12.0 | ||
39–41 (11,865) | 430 | 3.6 | 1,441 | 12.2 | ||
42 or more (577) | 36 | 6.3 | 74 | 12.8 | ||
Type of delivery | ||||||
Vaginal (11,074) | 419 | 3.8 | 0.002 | 1,137 | 10.3 | <0.001 |
Prelabor C-section (10,331) | 424 | 4.1 | 1,610 | 15.6 | ||
Intrapartum C-section (1,315) | 76 | 5.8 | 227 | 17.3 | ||
Total: 22,720 | 919 | 4.0 | 2,974 | 13.1 | ||