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Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of anal sphincter tear among women with FGM Type 3 by episiotomy type

From: Episiotomy and obstetric outcomes among women living with type 3 female genital mutilation: a secondary analysis

 

Model 1: Unadjusted odds ratios (95 % CI)

Model 2: Adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI)

Episiotomy type

 None (comparison)

1.00

1.00

 Anterior

0.11 (0.05–0.25)***

0.15 (0.06–0.40)***

 Posterior lateral

0.72 (0.48–1.07)

0.68 (0.50–0.94)*

 Anterior & Posterior lateral

0.18 (0.11–0.31)***

0.21 (0.12–0.36)***

 Other

0.73 (0.09–5.87)

0.62 (0.04–6.4)

Obstetric characteristics

 Parity

--

0.64 (0.40–1.02)

 Pelvic introitus

--

1.19 (0.89–1.60)

Demographic characteristics

 Age

--

0.98 (0.94–1.02)

 Education

--

0.96 (0.73–1.26)

 SES

--

0.71 (0.30–1.67)

  1. ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01 ***p ≤ 0.05
  2. Adjusted for clustering at the centre level (n = 28)
  3. Note: Pelvic introitus assessed by fingerbreadths