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Table 1 Basic characteristics of the patients and embryos undergoing ART treatment

From: Assisted reproductive technology induces different secondary sex ratio: parental and embryonic impacts

Variables

Singletons

Singletons from twin gestation

Twins from twin gestation

Male

Female

P

Male

Female

P

Male

Female

P

Infertility type (n, %)

  

0.009

  

0.524

  

0.959

 Primary

1018(53.4)

890(46.6)

 

163(56.0)

128(44.0)

 

1182(52.1)

1086(47.9)

 

 Secondary

947(57.7)

694(42.3)

 

159(58.7)

112(41.3)

 

1028(52.6)

928(47.4)

 

Infertility factor (n, %)

  

0.463

  

0.791

  

0.278

 Male

1324(56.0)

1042(44.0)

 

225(57.7)

165(42.3)

 

1564(53.0)

1388(47.0)

 

 Female

314(55.3)

254(44.7)

 

46(59.0)

32(41.0)

 

296(48.7)

312(51.3)

 

 Both male and female

327(53.2)

288(46.8)

 

51(54.3)

43(45.7)

 

350(52.7)

314(47.3)

 

Maternal age group (n, %)

  

0.085

  

0.230

  

0.823

 ≤35

1748(54.9)

1437(45.1)

 

286(58.2)

205(41.8)

 

2102(52.3)

1914(47.7)

 

 >35

217(59.6)

147(40.4)

 

36(50.7)

35(49.3)

 

108(51.9)

100(48.1)

 

Paternal age group (n, %)

  

0.019

  

0.968

  

0.864

 ≤30

519(52.5)

470(47.5)

 

85(55.9)

67(44.1)

 

717(52.0)

663(48.0)

 

 31–331

545(56.6)

418(43.4)

 

83(58.5)

59(41.5)

 

418(51.2)

398(48.8)

 

 34–362

424(53.5)

368(46.5)

 

86(58.1)

62(41.9)

 

547(53.4)

477(46.6)

 

 ≥373

477(59.3)

328(40.7)

 

68(56.7)

52(43.3)

 

528(52.7)

476(47.3)

 

Age difference (n, %)

  

0.675

  

0.330

  

0.093

 Older mother

302(53.7)

260(46.3)

 

46(55.4)

37(44.6)

 

304(49.4)

312(50.6)

 

 Older father

1400(55.8)

1110(44.2)

 

239(59.0)

166(41.0)

 

1601(53.2)

1411(46.8)

 

 None

263(55.1)

214(44.9)

 

37(50.0)

37(50.0)

 

305(51.2)

291(48.8)

 

Fertilization method (n, %)

  

0.526

  

0.186

  

0.238

 IVF

1178(56.2)

919(43.8)

 

201(59.3)

138(40.7)

 

1394(52.1)

1280(47.9)

 

 ICSI

298(55.1)

243(44.9)

 

29(46.8)

33(53.2)

 

252(48.5)

268(51.5)

 

 FET

455(53.9)

389(46.1)

 

89(57.8)

65(42.2)

 

522(54.7)

432(45.3)

 

Maternal BMI (n, %)

  

0.284

  

0.805

  

0.359

 <18.5

275(52.5)

249(47.5)

 

37(54.4)

31(45.6)

 

308(50.5)

302(49.5)

 

 18.5–23.9

1351(56.2)

1054(43.8)

 

228(58.2)

164(41.8)

 

1530(52.4)

1390(47.6)

 

 ≥24

339(54.7)

281(45.3)

 

57(55.9)

45(44.1)

 

372(53.6)

322(46.4)

 

Type of cycle (n, %)

  

0.332

  

0.884

  

0.240

 Fresh

1510(55.8)

1195(44.2)

 

233(57.1)

175(42.9)

 

1688(51.6)

1582(48.4)

 

 Frozen

454(53.9)

388(46.1)

 

89(57.8)

65(42.2)

 

522(54.7)

432(45.3)

 

Embryo transfer stage (n, %)

  

0.378

  

0.638

  

0.002

 Cleavage stage

1694(55.0)

1387(45.0)

 

255(58.1)

184(41.9)

 

1741(50.8)

1685(49.2)

 

 Blastocyst

227(57.3)

169(42.7)

 

64(55.7)

51(44.3)

 

424(58.1)

306(41.9)

 

Usage of Gn (IU/L, M (P25, P75))

2100(1500, 2775)

2025(1462.4, 2850)

2062.5(1575, 2700)

Days of Gn use (day, M (P25, P75))

12(11, 13)

12(11, 13)

12(11, 13)

  1. ART Assisted reproductive technology, ICSI Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, IVF In vitro fertilization, FET Frozen embryo transfer, Gn Gonadotropin, BMI Body mass index
  2. 1Singletons from twin gestation and twins from twin gestation were classified as 31–33 and 31–32, respectively
  3. 2Singletons from twin gestation and twins from twin gestation were classified as 34–37 and 33–35, respectively
  4. 3Singletons from twin gestation and twins from twin gestation were classified as ≥ 38 and ≥ 36, respectively
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Reproductive Health

ISSN: 1742-4755