Barriers and delays in access to abortion care: a cross-sectional study of people traveling to obtain care in England and the Netherlands from European countries where abortion is legal on broad grounds

Table 3 Modeled odds hazard ratios (OHR and 95% CI) from discrete-time hazards models (n = 164)

	Unadjusted*	Adjusted^†
Financial variables
Any difficulty paying (reference no difficulty paying)	0.75 (0.51–1.11)	.75 (0.47–1.20)
Any difficulty paying × ability to cover basic expenses
Highest means	Ref	Ref
Mixed means	0.98 (0.62–1.54)	0.94 (0.55–1.62)
Lowest means	0.40 (0.22–0.73)	0.39 (0.21–0.74)
In-country care-seeking variables
Contacted or visited providers in country of residence (reference no in-country care seeking)	0.59 (0.40–0.88)	0.56 (0.36–0.89)
By type of contact˄
No contact	Ref	Ref
Contacted providers only	0.70 (0.39–1.28)	0.41 (0.18–0.95)
Visited providers	0.55 (0.36–.85)	0.56 (0.34–0.92)

Each variable was included in a separate model.
*Unadjusted models include study country, country of residence, and clinic, ^†Adjusted models for financial predictors include: study country, country of residence, clinic, age, parity, reported self-managed abortion attempt, prior abortion, travel time, employment status, gestational age at time of survey, had support from family and friends. Adjusted models for in country-care seeking include all those listed under financial model and difficulty paying for the abortion/travel
Highest means represent those who had no difficulty paying for abortion procedure and travel and had funds to cover their basic living expenses in the past month “all the time” or “most of the time.” Mixed means represent those who had some difficulty paying for abortion procedure and travel and had funds to cover basic living expenses in the past month “all the time” or “most of the time.” Those with lowest means had some difficulty paying for abortion procedure and travel and had funds to cover basic living expenses in the past month “sometimes” or “rarely,” or “never.”

ISSN: 1742-4755