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Table 1 Characteristics of high- and low-risk women stratified by model of antenatal care

From: Antenatal care packages with reduced visits and perinatal mortality: a secondary analysis of the WHO Antenatal Care Trial

Characteristics

High-risk women N = 6,160

Low-risk women N = 18,365

New model

Standard model

New model

Standard model

N = 3,287

N = 2,873

N = 9,281

N = 9,084

Demographics

    

Married or stable union

2,981 (90.8)

2,544 (89.1)

8,628 (93.0)

8.297 (91.4)

Education less than primary

720 (21.9)

591 (20.6)

1,484 (16.0)

1,291 (14.2)

Smoking during pregnancy

493 (15.0)

460 (16.0)

815 (8.8)

1,035 (11.4)

Substance abuse

64 (2.0)

41 (1.4)

-

-

Ratio persons per room in house (mean, SD)

2.5 (1.4)

2.4 (1.3)

2.4 (1.3)

2.4 (1.2)

Maternal age in years (mean, SD)

26.8 (7.0)

26.7 (7.1)

25.1 (5.5)

24.7 (5.5)

Outcome of previous pregnancy

    

Abortion

887 (27.0)

716 (24.9)

1,794 (19.3)

1,838 (20.2)

Fetal death

87 (2.7)

68 (2.4)

5 (0.05)

6 (0.07)

Low birth weight (<2500 g)

374 (11.4)

384 (13.4)

-

-

Neonatal death

61 (1.9)

45 (1.6)

5 (0.05)

2 (0.02)

Hospital admission for hypertension or pre-eclampsia/eclampsia

215 (6.5)

132 (4.6)

-

-

Reproductive History

    

Any previous low birth weight baby

534 (16.3)

537 (18.7)

181 (2.0)

165 (1.8)

Any previous surgery of reproductive tract

227 (6.9)

351 (12.2)

-

-

Any previous abortion

1,443 (50.4)

1,208 (48.9)

2,594 (36.8)

2,601 (38.8)

Any previous fetal death or neonatal loss

563 (19.7)

464 (18.8)

-

-

Present pregnancy

    

Isoimmunization Rh -ve

143 (4.4)

76 (2.7)

-

-

Vaginal bleeding first trimester

445 (13.5)

333 (11.6)

-

-

Date of LMP unknown

208 (6.3)

153 (5.3)

433 (4.7)

385 (4.2)

Nulliparous

973 (29.8)

903 (31.4)

2,739 (29.5)

2,755 (30.3)

Primigravida

491 (14.9)

463 (16.1)

2,891 (30.4)

2,890 (31.8)

Maternal height in cm

157.2 (6.8)

156.6 (6.6)

156.7 (5.5)

156.4 (6.5)

Maternal weight at first visit in kg

61.4 (13.7)

61.1 (13.2)

58.7 (12.1)

58.3 (11.8)

Duration of gestation at first visit, in weeks

15.6 (8.0)

15.7 (7.8)

16.8 (8.6)

16.1 (8.0)

Late booking for antenatal care (>28 weeks)

368 (11.2)

294 (10.2)

1,285 (13.9)

1.052 (11.6)