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Table 3 Crude and adjusted relative risks of fetal and neonatal outcomes stratified by risk and model of antenatal care

From: Antenatal care packages with reduced visits and perinatal mortality: a secondary analysis of the WHO Antenatal Care Trial

High maternal risk group (n = 5,125)

End points

New model

Standard model

Crude relative risk (95% CI)*0

Adjusted relative risk (95% CI)*

N (%)

N (%)

Perinatal mortality

91/2713 (3.35)

71/2412 (2.94)

1.00 (0.85 – 1.17)

0.94 (0.79 – 1.12)

Fetal death

65/2713 (2.40)

36/2412 (1.49)

2.12 (1.53 - 2.94)

1.78 (1.33 – 2.39)

Fetal death with GA <=36 weeks

51/2713 (1.9)

26/2412 (1.1)

1.77 (1.48 – 2.10)

1.48 (1.17 – 1.89)

Neonatal deaths

26/2648 (1.0)

35/2376 (1.5)

0.48 (0.31 – 0.72)

0.47 (0.30 – 0.72)

Low maternal risk group (n=17,668)

End points

New model

Standard model

Crude relative risk (95% CI)* 0

Adjusted relative risk (95% CI)*

N (%)

N (%)

Perinatal mortality

143/8959 (1.60)

119/8709 (1.37)

1.14 (0.90, 1.44)

1.24 (0.95, 1.63)

Fetal death

96/8959 (1.07)

83/8709 (0.95)

1.18 (0.91 – 1.52)

1.26 (0.91 – 1.73)

Fetal death with GA <=36 weeks

71/8959 (0.8)

51/8709 (0.6)

1.48 (1.08 – 2.04)

1.56 (1.05 – 2.31)

Neonatal deaths

47/8863 (0.5)

36/8626 (0.4)

1.38 (0.89 – 2.14)

1.35 (0.87 – 2.10)

  1. * Relative risks adjusted for clustering within clinics.
  2. 0 Model adjusted for risk strata only.
  3. † Model in high-risk women adjusted for risk strata, married or stable union, hospital admission in last pregnancy, previous surgery on reproductive tract, previous low birth weight and vaginal bleeding in the first trimester.
  4. ‡ Model in low-risk women adjusted for risk strata, married or stable union, smoking, education less than primary, late booking, age, primigravidity and previous abortion.