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Table 2 Antenatal and delivery care characteristics and risk of stillbirth, 2010-2013

From: Stillbirth rates in low-middle income countries 2010 - 2013: a population-based, multi-country study from the Global Network

 

Stillbirth, N (%)

Live birth, N (%)

Relative Risk (95% CI)*

ANC Visits

   

0

331 (8.2)

3,659 (2.6)

3.0 (2.5, 3.7)

1-2

1,358 (33.5)

25,842 (18.3)

1.0

3+

2,370 (58.4)

111,554 (79.1)

2.0 (1.7, 2.4)

Syphilis testing received

   

Yes

1,917 (25.4)

103,889 (39.9)

1.0

No

5,619 (74.6)

156,282 (60.1)

1.6 (1.5, 1.8)

HIV testing received

   

Yes

4,199 (55.6)

195,255 (74.8)

1.0

No

3,359 (44.4)

65,666 (25.2)

2.5 (2.1, 2.9)

Tetanus toxoid vaccine

   

Yes

5,352 (70.4)

225,165 (86.1)

1.0

No

2,250 (29.6)

36,396 (13.9)

2.2 (2.0, 2.5)

Birth attendant, N (%)

   

Physician

3,155 (41.4)

100,662 (38.4)

1.0

Nurse/Midwife/HW

1,851 (24.3)

86,444 (33.0)

0.6 (0.6, 0.7)

TBA

1,404 (18.4)

62,573 (23.9)

0.5 (0.4, 0.6)

Family/Other

1,202 (15.8)

12,300 (4.7)

2.8 (2.2, 3.5)

Delivery location

   

Hospital

3,598 (47.2)

120,433 (46.0)

1.0

Clinic

1,415 (18.6)

66,929 (25.6)

0.6 (0.5, 0.7)

Home/Other

2,609 (34.2)

74,554 (28.5)

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

Delivery mode

   

Vaginal

6,238 (88.4)

225,418 (86.0)

1.0

Vaginal assisted

282 (4.0)

3,899 (1.5)

2.0 (1.3, 3.1)

C-section

533 (7.6)

32,665 (12.5)

0.6 (0.6, 0.7)

  1. *Relative risk accounted for study cluster (site)