Skip to main content

Table 1 Maternal and Delivery Characteristics of Women Experiencing OL/PL/FTP vs Normal Labor, 2010-2013

From: A prospective population-based study of maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes in the setting of prolonged labor, obstructed labor and failure to progress in low- and middle-income countries

 

OL/PL/FTP

No OL/PL/FTP

RR (95% CI)

Women with deliveries, N*

29,449

237,274

 

Maternal age, N (%)

   

< 20

3,503 (11.9)

28,713 (12.1)

1.3 (1.2, 1.3)

20-35

24,929 (84.8)

198,840 (83.9)

1.0

> 35

950 (3.2)

9,360 (4.0)

1.0 (0.9, 1.0)

Parity, N (%)

   

0

14,074 (48.0)

75,629 (32.0)

1.8 (1.7, 2.0)

1-2

9,436 (32.2)

102,628 (43.4)

1.0

≥3

5,816 (19.8)

58,359 (24.7)

0.8 (0.7, 0.9)

Education, N (%)

   

No formal education

8,748 (29.8)

57,912 (24.5)

0.7 (0.7, 0.8)

Primary

8,278 (28.2)

92,430 (39.1)

1.0

Secondary

8,996 (30.7)

70,354 (29.8)

1.3 (1.2, 1.3)

University+

3,311 (11.3)

15,488 (6.6)

1.8 (1.7, 1.9)

Birth weight (measured), N (%)

   

< 1500g

140 (0.5)

1,852 (0.8)

0.7 (0.5, 0.8)

1500-2499g

3,194 (12.0)

23,170 (10.5)

1.0 (1.0, 1.1)

2500-3499g

20,349 (76.6)

173,974 (79.0)

1.0

> 3500g

2,894 (10.9)

21,163 (9.6)

1.2 (1.1, 1.3)

Gestational age at delivery, N (%)

   

Preterm

2,589 (9.2)

22,182 (9.6)

0.9 (0.8, 1.0)

Term

25,683 (90.8)

208,047 (90.4)

1.0

BMI, N (%)

23,857

182,118

 

< 18 kg/m2

4,056 (17.0)

32,459 (17.8)

0.8 (0.8, 0.9)

18-25 kg/m2

16,120 (67.6)

124,468 (68.3)

1.0

> 25 kg/m2

3,681 (15.4)

25,191 (13.8)

1.4 (1.3, 1.5)

Delivery mode, N (%)

   

Vaginal

12,022 (40.8)

217,381 (91.9)

1.0

Vaginal assisted

1,933 (6.6)

2,194 (0.9)

7.1 (5.1, 9.8)

Cesarean section

15,488 (52.6)

17,061 (7.2)

10.0 (7.8, 12.8)

Birth attendant, N (%)

   

Physician

20,133 (68.4)

82,183 (34.6)

18.1 (9.5, 34.3)

Nurse/Midwife/HW

6,558 (22.3)

80,998 (34.2)

5.2 (2.9, 9.4)

TBA/Family/Other

2,754 (9.4)

74,002 (31.2)

1.0

Delivery location, N (%)

   

Hospital

21,491 (73.0)

100,822 (42.5)

14.5 (8.3, 25.2)

Clinic

5,376 (18.3)

62,454 (26.3)

4.9 (2.9, 8.5)

Home/Other

2,569 (8.7)

73,869 (31.1)

1.0

  1. *numbers less than the total reflect missing data.