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Table 3 Logistic Regressions predicting five birth outcomes from reported outside uterotonics, adjusted odds ratios (singleton, term births ≥ 37 weeks, n = 22426)

From: Perinatal mortality associated with use of uterotonics outside of Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care: a cross-sectional study

 

Outcome

Predictor

Fresh Stillbirth

Macerated Stillbirth

Early Neonatal Death

Intrapartum causes (Birth Asphyxia)

All Perinatal Deaths

Outside uterotonics

4 · 0*** (3 · 0,5 · 3)

0 · 8 (0 · 4,1 · 7)

2 · 9*** (2 · 1,4 · 0)

3 · 1** (2 · 2,4 · 5)

3 · 0*** (2 · 4,3 · 7)

Labor duration

 <12 h

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

 12–24 h

3 · 1*** (2 · 1,4 · 4)

1 · 9* (1 · 0,3 · 5)

1 · 9** (1 · 3,2 · 9)

2 · 1** (1 · 3,3 · 3)

2 · 5*** (1.9,3.2)

 >24 h

2 · 5*** (1 · 5,4 · 3)

1 · 7 (0 · 7,3 · 8)

1 · 0 (0 · 4,2 · 3)

1 · 1 (0 · 5,2 · 8)

1 · 8** (1 · 2,2 · 6)

 Missing

2 · 4*** (1 · 5,3 · 9)

2 · 6* (1 · 1,6 · 0)

1 · 3 (0 · 9,1 · 9)

1 · 2 (0 · 8,1 · 9)

1 · 7*** (1 · 3,2 · 3)

Pre-eclampsia

 none

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

 moderate

2 · 0 (0.5,8.4)

1 · 7 (0.2,12.2)

2 · 0 (0.5,8.2)

2 · 8 (0.7,11.5)

2 · 0 (0.8,5.0)

 severe

4 · 5*** (2.7,7.6)

3 · 0** (1.5,6.3)

2 · 6** (1.4,4.7)

3 · 3*** (1.8,6.2)

3 · 6*** (2.5,5.1)

Eclampsia

4 · 7*** (2.8,7.9)

NA

4 · 7*** (2.8,7.8)

5 · 6*** (3.2,9.7)

3 · 7** (2.5,5.4)

Hospital-based Uterotonic Augmentation

 No

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Yes

1 · 0 (0 · 5,1 · 9)

2 · 4 (0 · 5,10 · 9)

0 · 6 (0 · 4,1 · 1)

0 · 7 (0 · 3,1 · 4)

0 · 8 (0 · 5,1 · 3)

 Unknown

1 · 2 (0 · 6,2 · 5)

5 · 8* (1 · 3,27 · 0)

0 · 8 (0 · 5,1 · 5)

1 · 1 (0 · 5,2 · 3)

1 · 3 (0 · 8,2 · 0)

Cesarian Section

 No

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Yes

0 · 3*** (0 · 2,0 · 4)

0 · 1*** (0 · 0,0 · 2)

2 · 0*** (1 · 6,2 · 6)

2 · 1*** (1 · 6,2 · 8)

0 · 7*** (0 · 5,0 · 8)

  1. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95 % CI in parentheses, adjusted for length of labor, hospital-based uterotonic augmentation or induction, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and Cesarian section
  2. Note: ref reference category
  3. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05