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Table 2 Background factors and odds of supporting the continuation of pricking (n = 617)

From: Factors associated with the support of pricking (female genital cutting type IV) among Somali immigrants – a cross-sectional study in Sweden

 

Descriptive statisticsa

Odds of supporting the continuation of pricking

 

N (%)

Want pricking to continue n (%)

cOR

95% CI

aORb

95% CI

Gender

 Man

318 (51.5)

49 (15.4)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

 Woman

299 (48.5)

64 (21.4)

1.50

0.99–2.26

1.35

0.82–2.23

Age

  ≤ 25

86 (14.0)

12 (14.0)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

 26–35

202 (33.0)

26 (12.9)

0.91

0.44–1.90

0.97

0.43–2.22

 36–45

162 (26.4)

37 (22.8)

1.83

0.90–3.72

1.94

0.85–4.41

  ≥ 46

163 (26.6)

38 (23.3)

1.88

0.92–3.81

2.72*

1.14–6.48

Marital status

 Single

231 (37.6)

37 (16.0)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

 Married/Partner

330 (53.7)

64 (19.4)

1.26

0.81–1.97

1.24

0.74–2.09

 Divorced/Widowed

53 (8.6)

10 (18.9)

1.22

0.56–2.64

1.24

0.51–2.99

Cohabit

 No

200 (32.6)

35 (17.5)

1.00

Ref.

–

–

 Yes

413 (67.4)

76 (18.4)

1.06

0.68–1.65

–

–

Education

 University/College

59 (9.6)

7 (11.9)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

 Secondary school

201 (32.7)

29 (14.4)

1.25

0.52–3.03

1.04

0.40–2.68

 Primary school

244 (39.7)

49 (20.1)

1.87

0.80–4.36

1.20

0.46–3.11

 Koranic school

39 (6.4)

11 (28.2)

2.92*

1.02–8.37

1.59

0.45–5.57

 No education

71 (11.6)

17 (23.9)

2.34

0.90–6.10

0.85

0.27–2.66

Somali origin

 Urban

502 (82.0)

73 (14.5)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

 Rural

110 (18.0)

39 (35.5)

3.23**

2.03–5.13

3.08**

1.81–5.25

Years of residency in Sweden

  ≤ 2

155 (25.2)

45 (29.0)

3.00**

1.58–5.70

3.55**

1.52–8.29

 3–4

105 (17.0)

15 (14.3)

1.22

0.57–2.63

1.51

0.60–3.78

 5–9

157 (25.5)

25 (15.9)

1.39

0.70–2.76

1.82

0.82–4.06

 10–14

74 (12.0)

13 (17.6)

1.56

0.70–3.50

1.72

0.71–4.17

  ≥ 15

125 (20.3)

15 (12.0)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

Employment

 Work full/Part time

246 (40.1)

36 (14.6)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

 No work

328 (53.5)

70 (21.3)

1.58*

1.02–2.46

0.84

0.47–1.49

 Student

39 (6.4)

6 (15.4)

1.06

0.42–2.71

1.03

0.37–2.89

Religionc

 Muslim

613 (99.7)

112 (18.3)

–

–

–

–

 Other

2 (0.3)

0 (0.0)

–

–

–

–

FGC/circumcisedc, d

 Yes

595 (98.3)

108 (18.2)

–

–

–

–

 No

9 (1.5)

1 (11.1)

–

–

–

–

 Don’t know

1 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

–

–

–

–

Acculturation

 Poor

124 (21.0)

38 (30.6)

2.35**

1.49–3.70

–

–

 Good

467 (79.0)

74 (15.8)

1.00

Ref.

–

–

Social capital: Social participation

 Low

348 (56.7)

73 (21.0)

1.50

0.98–2.29

1.18

0.72–1.94

 High

266 (43.3)

40 (15.0)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

Social capital: Trust

 Low

544 (89.2)

100 (18.4)

1.01

0.52–1.97

0.82

0.40–1.70

 High

66 (10.8)

12 (18.2)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

Bridging social capital

 Non-dominant bridging

284 (46.8)

61 (21.5)

1.43

0.95–2.15

1.26

0.80–1.99

 Dominant bridging

323 (53.2)

52 (16.1)

1.00

Ref.

1.00

Ref.

  1. CI confidence interval, cOR crude odds ratio, aOR adjusted odds ratio, Ref. referent category
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01
  3. aMissing data for each variable presented ranges from 0 to 26
  4. bAdjusted for gender, age, marital status, education, Somali origin, years of residency in Sweden, employment, social capital: social participation, social capital: trust, and bridging social capital. Excluded from the model were cohabit and acculturation because they highly correlated with marital status and years of residency in Sweden respectively. Valid sample size n = 581
  5. cExcluded from the statistical models were religion and FGC/circumcised because the majority were Muslims and circumcised
  6. dIncludes both men and women, regardless of type of FGC/circumcision
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Reproductive Health

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