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Table 5 Multivariate analyses showing years of schooling by pregnancy outcome and covariates (all women)

From: Is a woman’s first pregnancy outcome related to her years of schooling? An assessment of women’s adolescent pregnancy outcomes and subsequent educational attainment in Ghana

Characteristics

Coef.

Std. Err.

Coef.

Std. Err.

Coef.

Std. Err.

Coef.

Std. Err.

All women

All ages

20–29 years

30–39 years

40–49 years

Pregnancy Outcomes

 Live Birth (RC)

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Spontaneous

0.056

0.226

0.337

0.348

−0.319

0.393

0.213

0.442

 Induced

0.570**

0.193

0.672*

0.313

0.521

0.317

0.783*

0.399

 No Pregnancy

0.697***

0.087

0.972***

0.151

0.336*

0.144

0.362*

0.171

Ethnicity

 Akan (RC)

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Ga/Dangme

−0.957***

0.147

−0.708**

0.219

−1.182***

0.255

−0.990**

0.303

 Ewe

−0.580***

0.116

−0.172

0.178

−0.728***

0.197

−0.865***

0.234

 Mole-Dagbani

−2.878***

0.162

−3.144***

0.247

−2.814***

0.266

−2.497***

0.349

 Other

−2.662***

0.122

−2.642***

0.184

−2.753***

0.205

−2.510***

0.258

Religion

 Catholic (RC)

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Protestant

0.038

0.137

0.088

0.208

−0.094

0.240

0.191

0.274

 Pentecostal/

Charismatic

−0.601***

0.126

−0.495**

0.188

−0.507*

0.222

−0.815**

0.261

 Muslim

−1.515***

0.150

−0.996***

0.225

−1.540***

0.258

−2.482***

0.322

 Other

−1.174***

0.128

−1.159***

0.197

−0.990***

0.221

−1.301***

0.255

Place of Residence

 Rural (RC)

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Urban

0.590***

0.098

0.608***

0.148

0.618***

0.166

0.279

0.211

Wealth Quintile

 Poorest (RC)

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Poorer

0.901***

0.121

0.886***

0.193

1.154***

0.199

0.619**

0.241

 Middle

1.942***

0.128

1.998***

0.204

1.836***

0.211

1.900***

0.255

 Richer

2.618***

0.142

2.627***

0.217

2.463***

0.238

2.644***

0.301

 Richest

4.327***

0.157

3.787***

0.241

4.637***

0.260

4.695***

0.342

Number of Pregnancies

−0.326***

0.022

−0.616***

0.049

−0.259***

0.035

−0.240***

0.034

Frequency of abortions ever experienced

 0 (RC)

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

 1

0.471**

0.137

0.402

0.236

0.513*

0.221

0.779**

0.265

 2

1.187***

0.205

1.691***

0.375

0.722*

0.324

1.734***

0.383

 3+

1.924***

0.333

2.524**

0.756

1.576**

0.504

1.714**

0.559

Age Group

 20–29 (RC)

0.000

       

 30–39

−0.704***

0.099

      

 40–49

−0.328**

0.131

      

Constant

6.240***

0.171

6.473***

0.268

5.389***

0.319

5.758***

0.382

Adjusted R2

0.4493

 

0.4383

  

0.4255

0.4379

 

N

8186

 

3386

 

2872

 

1972

 
  1. RC Reference Category, Coef. Beta coefficient, Std. Err. Standard Error; All estimates are weighted
  2. Note: ***p < 0.001
  3. **p < 0.01
  4. *p < 0.05
  5. +p < 0.10
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Reproductive Health

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