Table 1 Components of provider-improvement intervention, by level and country
Intervention Components | India | Nepal | Nigeria |
|---|---|---|---|
Individual Provider Level | |||
 Meets prerequisites for service provision | X | X | X |
 Competency-based training to improve knowledge, counseling and clinical skills | X | X | X |
 Cadre trained/length of training | MBBS physicians/5 days | Auxiliary nurse midwives/5 days Physicians/10 days | Physicians & midwives/5 days |
 Values Clarification and Attitude Transformation exercises | X | X | X |
 Clinical mentoring – coaching, individualized feedback, demonstration, problem-solving, case review, job aids | X | X | X |
 Motivation – encouragement and recognition of providers | X | X | X |
 Programmatic support contacts –  Logistics, problem-solving, service data audit/review | X | X | X |
 Provider networking | Virtual, online website | In-person | In-person |
Health Facility Level | |||
 Improved infrastructure | X | X | X |
 Sustainable logistics for supplies/commodities | X | X | X |
 Performance/Quality improvement activities (some facilities) | X | X | X |
 Improved abortion case recordkeeping | X | X | X |
Community Level | |||
 Outreach, awareness-raising and referral for care | As needed | Community Health Volunteers | Lack of resources to employ |