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Table 3 Comparison between adequate and inadequate utilization of ANC by factors related to the quality of service delivery

From: Determinants of antenatal care attendance among women residing in highly disadvantaged communities in northern Jordan: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Utilization of ANC

chi2

p-value

Inadequate

n = 304

n (%)

Adequate

n = 527

n (%)

Interpersonal relations

Dignified and respectful care was offered by healthcare providers

 Rarely

157 (62.5)

94 (37.5)

141.42

<0.001

 Sometimes

77 (43.8)

99 (56.3)

 Often

70 (17.3)

334 (82.7)

Providers were ready to discuss health problems/concerns with women

 Rarely

171 (58.6)

121 (41.4)

105.85

<0.001

 Sometimes

70 (33.8)

137 (66.2)

 Often

63 (19.0)

269 (81.0)

Privacy was maintained during consultations

 Rarely

94 (37.5)

157 (62.5)

0.26

0.880

 Sometimes

36 (34.6)

68 (65.4)

 Often

174 (36.6)

302 (63.4)

Technical management

Comprehensive physical exams were performed

 Rarely

117 (50.4)

115 (49.6)

63.68

<0.001

 Sometimes

105 (46.7)

120 (53.3)

 Often

82 (21.9)

292 (78.1)

Vaccines/supplements were available at the facility

 Rarely

108 (39.6)

165 (60.4)

1.81

0.404

 Sometimes

36 (33.0)

73 (67.0)

 Often

160 (35.6)

289 (64.4)

Clinical tests were routinely conducted

 No

196 (36.8)

337 (63.2)

0.02

0.879

 Yes

108 (36.2)

190 (63.8)

Information exchange

Information received on ANC was

 Little

175 (61.2)

111 (38.8)

171.19

<0.001

 Fair

80 (46.8)

91(53.2)

 Enough

49 (13.1)

325 (86.9)

Provider explanations were easily to understand

 Rarely

86 (65.6)

45 (34.4)

78.85

<0.001

 Sometimes

68 (48.2)

73 (51.8)

 Often

150 (26.8)

409 (73.2)

Consultation time was

 Short

136 (60.7)

88 (39.3)

101.62

<0.001

 Average

78 (42.4)

106 (57.6)

 Enough

90 (21.3)

333 (78.7)

Continuity and follow-up

Follow-up appointments were regularly scheduled by providers

 Rarely

180 (61.2)

114 (38.8)

157.43

<0.001

 Sometimes

78 (40.2)

116 (59.8)

 Often

46 (13.4)

297 (86.6)

A return visit was encouraged by healthcare providers

 Rarely

123 (55.4)

99 (44.6)

46.95

<0.001

 Sometimes

23 (34.3)

44 (65.7)

 Often

158 (29.2)

384 (70.8)

Appropriate constellation of services

Time had to wait was

 Short

21 (33.9)

41 (66.1)

0.22

0.894

 Average

124 (37.0)

211 (63.0)

 Long

159 (36.6)

275 (63.4)

Hours of service were

 Inconvenient

76 (38.0)

124 (62.0)

0.23

0.633

 Convenient

228 (36.1)

403 (63.9)

  1. Bold text represents categories that are over-represented, indicating that they were more likely to utilize ANC services adequately