Table 1 Summary of included studies and quality assessment
Author | Intervention | Country and region | Setting | Number of participants | Type of participants | Robson Groups | Method | Quality Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prebirth educational brochure. | USA, Americas | Urban | 16 | Non-pregnant women | Communitya | In-depth interviews | C | |
Shorten [46] | Internet-based decision aid about birth choices after previous caesarean developed from an earlier paper-based decision aid. | USA, Americas | Urban | 9 | Pregnant women | 5 | Semi-structured Interviews | B |
Ramvi [45] | Women who took part in a team Midwifery intervention referred because they requested a caesarean because of fear of birth and actually had a vaginal birth. | Norway, European | Urban | 5 | Postnatal women | 1–5 | In-depth interviews | A |
Basso [44] | Problematizing educational intervention with groups of pregnant women and partners comprising eight face-to-face sessions. | Brazil, Americas | Urban | 51 | Pregnant women and partners | 1 and 2 | Convergent Care study | A |
David [43] | Dedicated next birth after caesarean telephone helpline manned by midwives to promote safe and successful vaginal birth in a subsequent pregnancy. | Australia, Western Pacific | Unclear | 170 | Pregnant women | 5 | Content analysis | C |
Milne [42] | Decision board comprising decisional aids that provide a standardized base of written and graphic evidence-based information about vaginal and caesarean birth. | Canada, Americas | Urban | 40 | Non-pregnant women | Communitya | Semi-structured interviews | C |
Frost [41] | Two computer decision aids (an information programme and an individualised decision analysis programme) | UK, European | Urban | 30 | Pregnant women | 5 | Semi-structured interviews | B |
Farnworth [40] | Informational DVD/video and a home visit by a midwife | UK, European | Urban | 18 | Pregnant women | 5 | Semi-structured interview | B |
Emmett [39] | Two decision aids (an information programme and an individualised decision analysis programme) | UK, European | Urban | 26 | Pregnant and postnatal women | 5 | Semi-structured interview and observation | B |
Wang [38] | Web-based education program for vaginal birth after caesarean | Taiwan, Western Pacific | Urban | 10 | Postnatal women | 5 | Telephone interviews | C |
Shorten [37] | Birth choices booklet: Development, preliminary evaluation and pilot. | Australia, Western Pacific | Urban | 21 | Pregnant women | 5 | Questionnaire booklet with open questions | C |
Cleeton [36] | Suzanne Arms’ 1998 videotape Giving Birth | USA, Americas | Sub-Urban | 65 | Non-pregnant women and male students | Communitya | Questionnaire with open questions | B |