Table 2 Overview of perinatal and maternal outcomes of pregnant women in Accra, Ghana
From: Equity in maternal health outcomes in a middle-income urban setting: a cohort study
Socioeconomic status by assets | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | All (%) | Low N = 292 | Middle N = 322 | High N = 176 | P value | ||
Maternal outcomes | |||||||
Maternal mortality (n,%) | No | 789 | 788 (99) | 291 (100) | 321 (99) | 176 (100) | 1.00 |
Yes | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |||
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (n,%) | No | 789 | 716 (91) | 268 (92) | 292 (91) | 156 (89) | 0.52 |
Yes | 73 (9) | 24 (8) | 29 (9) | 20 (11) | |||
PPH > 500 ml (n,%) | No | 705 | 684 (97) | 252 (97) | 283 (98) | 149 (96) | 0.49 |
Yes | 21 (3) | 9 (3) | 6 (2) | 6 (4) | |||
Delivery (n,%) | Spontaneous | 790 | 698 (88) | 254 (87) | 293 (91) | 151 (86) | 0.15 |
Instrumental or Cesarean | 92 (12) | 38 (13) | 29 (9) | 25 (14) | |||
Perinatal outcomes | |||||||
Miscarriage (n,%) | No | 790 | 654 (83) | 230 (79) | 274 (85) | 150 (85) | 0.07 |
Yes | 136 (17) | 62 (21) | 48 (15) | 26 (15) | |||
Perinatal mortality (n,%) | No | 790 | 779 (99) | 288 (99) | 317 (98) | 174 (99) | 1.00 |
Yes | 11 (1) | 4 (1) | 5 (2) | 2 (1) | |||
Stillbirth (n,%) | No | 790 | 784 (99) | 289 (99) | 321 (99) | 174 (99) | 0.45 |
Yes | 6 (1) | 3 (1) | 1 (1) | 2 (1) | |||
Birth weight (g) (n,%) | < 2500 | 782 | 54 (7) | 22 (8) | 18 (6) | 14 (8) | 0.31 |
2500–4000 | 681 (88) | 253 (89) | 276 (87) | 152 (87) | |||
> 4000 | 42 (5) | 11 (4) | 23 (7) | 8 (6) | |||
Preterm birth (n,%) | No | 739 | 682 (92) | 248 (91) | 283 (93) | 151 (94) | 0.49 |
Yes | 57 (8) | 25 (9) | 22 (7) | 10 (6) | |||
Apgar score after 5 min (n,%) | < 7 | 597 | 25 (4) | 13 (6) | 7 (3) | 5 (4) | 0.29 |
≥7 | 572 (96) | 210 (94) | 231 (97) | 131 (96) | |||
Birth weight (g) (mean, SD) | 777 | 3123 (495) | 3092 (479) | 3151 (490) | 3122 (531) | 0.34 | |