Table 3 Among women who received care, women’s costs (2016 USD) (mean (SD)) and assistance for obtaining sexual and reproductive health services in the last 12 months, N = 385

Incurred costs for at least one SRH problem

98 (76.0%)

209 (81.6%)

307 (79.7%)

Had fertility problems and tried to seek help

n = 4

n = 9

n = 13

 Number of visits to facilities

5.8 (3.9)

1.6 (1.1)

2.8 (2.9)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

1 of 2 (50.0%)

3 of 8 (37.5%)

4 of 10 (40.0%)

 If yes, number of days

10 (0)

1 (0)

3.3 (4.5)

 If yes, lost income

–

$15.62 ($8.73)

$15.62 ($8.73)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

18.4 (16.2)

4.1 (3.2)

8.5 (10.9)

 Value of time spent

$18.56 ($16.65)

$4.20 ($2.73)

$8.62 ($11.04)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$927.30 ($1294.38)

$53.53 ($65.03)

$228.28 ($570.24)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$482.21 ($924.43)

$55.25 ($70.81)

$186.62 ($508.97)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

0 (0.0%)

3 (33.3%)

3 (23.1%)

Sought contraception in last 12 months

n = 48

n = 89

n = 137

 Number of visits to facilities

1.3 (0.8)

1.7 (1.6)

1.5 (1.4)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

5 of 22 (22.7%)

9 of 57 (15.8%)

14 of 79 (17.7%)

 If yes, number of days

1.2 (0.4)

1 (0.0)

1.1 (0.3)

 If yes, lost income

$7.48 ($1.84)

$26.01 ($13.40)

$16.75 ($13.29)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

3.3 (3.8)

3.9 (10.2)

3.6 (8.3)

 Value of time spent

$3.21 ($2.62)

$5.51 ($16.18)

$4.65 ($12.91)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$8.38 ($14.67)

$10.73 ($17.48)

$10.14 ($16.72)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$6.27 ($9.29)

$12.44 ($28.13)

$10.13 ($23.09)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

4 (8.3%)

13 (14.6%)

17 (12.4%)

Sought care for menstrual problems

n = 25

n = 49

n = 74

 Number of visits to facilities

1.9 (1.7)

2.3 (1.6)

2.1 (1.6)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

7 of 18 (38.9%)

11 of 27 (40.7%)

18 of 45 (40.0%)

 If yes, number of days

1.7 (1.0)

1.5 (1.3)

1.6 (1.1)

  If yes, lost income

$16.19 ($13.17)

$18.78 ($20.09)

$17.48 ($16.07)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

6.9 (9.4)

5.9 (7.1)

6.2 (7.9)

 Value of time spent

$7.45 ($10.53)

$8.22 ($10.83)

$7.95 ($10.66)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$56.78 ($85.28)

$31.62 ($51.68)

$36.76 ($59.75)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$31.13 ($63.17)

$33.59 ($52.62)

$32.74 ($56.07)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

4 (16.0%)

9 (18.4%)

13 (17.6%)

Sought care for menopause symptoms

n = 5

n = 17

n = 22

 Number of visits to facilities

3.0 (3.5)

1.4 (0.8)

1.7 (1.8)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

0 of 3 (0.0%)

3 of 8 (37.5%)

3 of 11 (27.3%)

 If yes, number of days

–

1.7 (1.2)

1.7 (1.2)

 If yes, lost income

–

$19.61 ($14.58)

$19.61 ($14.58)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

14.2 (28.1)

7.2 (11.7)

8.8 (16.2)

 Value of time spent

$15.02 ($23.50)

$7.90 ($12.16)

$9.52 ($15.13)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$28.25 ($21.81)

$21.60 ($36.10)

$22.77 ($33.54)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$31.97 ($26.71)

$29.14 ($38.69)

$29.77 ($35.74)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

0 (0.0%)

5 (29.4%)

5 (22.7%)

Sought a cervical cancer screen

n = 17

n = 106

n = 123

 Number of visits to facilities

1 (0.0)

1.2 (0.5)

1.1 (0.4)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

2 of 10 (20.0%)

27 of 76 (35.5%)

29 of 86 (33.7%)

 If yes, number of days

1 (0.0)

1.0 (0.2)

1.0 (0.2)

 If yes, lost income

$10.20 ($0.00)

$21.60 ($34.79)

$20.72 ($33.45)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

2.9 (2.0)

2.1 (1.6)

2.2 (1.7)

 Value of time spent

$3.89 ($2.81)

$3.09 ($4.29)

$3.20 ($4.11)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$84.14 ($128.40)

$4.84 ($6.38)

$8.81 ($31.10)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$24.29 ($66.58)

$9.06 ($15.76)

$11.19 ($28.77)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

1 (5.9%)

14 (13.2%)

15 (12.2%)

Sought a breast cancer screen

n = 7

n = 18

n = 25

 Number of visits to facilities

1.1 (0.4)

1.4 (1.2)

1.4 (1.0)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

1 of 3 (33.3%)

5 of 13 (38.5%)

6 of 16 (37.5%)

 If yes, number of days

2 (0.0)

1 (0.0)

1.3 (0.5)

 If yes, lost income

$12.24 ($0.00)

$65.37 ($92.45)

$47.66 ($72.21)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

2.5 (2.2)

2.6 (2.6)

2.6 (2.4)

 Value of time spent

$2.85 ($2.43)

$5.58 ($9.29)

$4.81 ($8.01)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$1.09 ($0.19)

$6.72 ($7.44)

$5.91 ($7.14)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$4.91 ($4.46)

$17.32 ($34.11)

$13.85 ($29.35)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

1 (14.3%)

2 (11.1%)

3 (12.0%)

Sought care for an STI

n = 15

n = 28

n = 43

 Number of visits to facilities

1.1 (0.3)

1.9 (1.5)

1.6 (1.3)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

4 of 7 (57.1%)

11 of 21 (52.4%)

15 of 28 (53.6%)

 If yes, number of days

1.3 (0.5)

2.7 (4.0)

2.3 (3.4)

 If yes, lost income

$13.60 ($6.80)

$26.22 ($28.91)

$22.01 ($23.95)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

2.3 (1.4)

5.1 (6.4)

4.1 (5.3)

 Value of time spent

$2.12 ($1.50)

$6.97 ($11.19)

$5.27 ($9.31)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$18.67 ($16.36)

$23.12 ($32.81)

$21.82 ($28.69)

 Average total costs for all women with issue^a

$13.55 ($17.45)

$26.62 ($42.22)

$22.06 ($35.88)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

2 (13.3%)

4 (14.3%)

6 (14.0%)

Sought treatment/care for gender-based violence

n = 4

n = 8

n = 12

 Number of visits to facilities

3.5 (4.4)

2.9 (1.7)

3.1 (2.7)

 If employed and sought care, missed work?

1 of 1 (100.0%)

2 of 5 (40.0%)

3 of 6 (50.0%)

 If yes, number of days

2.0 (0.0)

1.7 (1.2)

1.8 (1.0)

 If yes, lost income

$12.24 ($0.00)

$108.96 ($0.00)

$60.60 ($68.39)

 If spent time travelling or waiting, average hours spent

5.0 (6.7)

6.2 (7.2)

5.8 (6.7)

 Value of time spent

$5.36 ($7.60)

$36.13 ($84.07)

$24.94 ($67.08)

 Average out-of-pocket costs, if incurred

$4.15 ($0.00)

$21.49 ($17.63)

$18.02 ($17.13)

 Average total costs for all women with issue*

$9.46 ($6.93)

$63.97 ($100.99)

$44.15 ($83.00)

 Received financial help to obtain care (n (%))

1 (25.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (8.3%)