Association between maternal lifestyle factors and low birth weight in preterm and term births: a case-control study

Table 3 Multivariate logistic analyses showing the outcomes associated with preterm low birth weight

Variable		Reference	P	Crude OR	Adjusted OR^a	95%CI
Physical activity (/week)	1–3	No	0.008	0.630	*0.584*	*0.394–0.867*
Physical activity (/week)	≥4		0.001	0.601	*0.516*	*0.355–0.752*
Gestational gain	Less	Normal	< 0.001	2.338	*2.272*	*1.626–3.176*
Gestational gain	More		0.329	0.986	0.811	0.532–1.236
Age (years)	≤18	19–34	0.481	1.418	0.551	0.161–1.882
Age (years)	≥35		< 0.001	1.713	*2.486*	*1.599–3.865*
Parity	>1	1	< 0.001	0.330	*0.273*	*0.192–0.389*
History of LBW	Yes	No	< 0.001	5.279	*5.517*	*2.831–10.750*
Antenatal care	5–9	≤4	0.010	0.553	*0.593*	*0.398–0.884*
	10–14		< 0.001	0.093	*0.083*	*0.049–0.141*
	≥15		< 0.001	0.056	*0.044*	*0.010–0.198*
Gestational hypertension	Yes	No	< 0.001	6.377	*9.062*	*5.327–15.415*

Note: OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval; LBW low birth weight Control: normal weight term baby
^aVariables in the logistic regression include maternal characteristics, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, history of LBW, antenatal care, fetal sex and gestational hypertension

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