From: Neonatal deaths in infants born weighing ≥ 2500 g in low and middle-income countries
Adjusted RR for Neonatal Mortality for infants ≥ 2500 g (95% CI)a | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa | South Asia | Central America | |||
Zambia/Kenya | DRC | India | Pakistan | Guatemala | |
Delivery Location | |||||
Hospital | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Clinic/Health Center | 0.58 (0.38, 0.89) | 0.43 (0.29, 0.64) | 0.80 (0.71, 0.91) | 0.95 (0.81, 1.11) | 0.84 (0.51, 1.39) |
Home/Other | 0.66 (0.40, 1.09) | 0.49 (0.32, 0.75) | 1.35 (1.04, 1.76) | 0.69 (0.61, 0.79) | 1.07 (0.93, 1.24) |
Delivery Mode | |||||
Vaginal delivery | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Assisted vacuum/forceps | 4.50 (2.69, 7.53) | 9.01 (3.15, 25.75) | 4.82 (3.28, 7.07) | 1.83 (1.53, 2.20) | 2.38 (0.30, 19.11) |
C-section | 4.32 (3.36, 5.55) | 6.98 (4.16, 11.70) | 1.10 (0.98, 1.23) | 1.32 (1.14, 1.52) | 1.08 (0.95, 1.22) |
Obstructed/prolonged labor/failure to progress | 7.04 (5.48, 9.04) | 15.49 (11.19, 21.44) | 2.89 (2.23, 3.73) | 2.71 (2.36, 3.10) | 2.40 (2.09, 2.75) |
Severe antepartum hemorrhage | 4.80 (3.03, 7.61) | 16.30 (8.70, 30.54) | 4.23 (2.75, 6.52) | 3.46 (2.89, 4.15) | 1.90 (0.95, 3.79) |
Severe postpartum hemorrhage | 3.24 (2.41, 4.34) | 6.94 (4.07, 11.84) | 2.83 (1.78, 4.52) | 2.05 (1.79, 2.34) | 1.62 (1.14, 2.30) |
Severe infectionb | 9.88 (6.13, 15.93) | 12.07 (7.00, 20.80) | 3.28 (1.32, 8.14) | 2.99 (2.09, 4.28) | 1.72 (0.91, 3.25) |
Unplanned hospitalizationb | 8.56 (6.30, 11.63) | 6.90 (4.24, 11.24) | 2.85 (2.22, 3.66) | 3.76 (2.00, 7.07) | 2.84 (2.35, 3.44) |
Abnormal fetal presentation | 6.01 (4.69, 7.69) | 8.12 (3.47, 19.01) | 1.73 (1.30, 2.31) | 2.74 (2.32, 3.23) | 2.43 (1.72, 3.43) |