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Table 4 Adaptations in service delivery by clinic status

From: Assessing differences in contraceptive provision through telemedicine among reproductive health providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

Independent variables

Outcomes:

Telemedicine

 

Curbside contraceptive services

Mail-order

Prescribing DMPA-SQ

aRR

95% CI

aRR

95% CI

aRR

95% CI

aRR

95% CI

Clinic status

        

 Open onsite (reference)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Closed onsite

1.12

[0.98–1.28]

0.63*

[0.39–1.00]

1.83***

[1.37–2.44]

3.85***

[2.40–6.18]

Practice setting

        

 Primary care/Health Department. (Reference)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Family planning

0.77***

[0.67–0.87]

3.02***

[1.99–4.58]

0.96

[0.74–1.25]

1.49

[0.97–2.29]

 Youth/School/College

0.99

[0.90–1.08]

2.01**

[1.28–3.15]

0.79

[0.59–1.07]

0.85

[0.47–1.52]

 Abortion

0.50*

[0.26–0.93]

0.38

[0.05–3.07]

0.56

[0.24–1.29]

4.46**

[1.61–12.31]

 Hospital/Other

0.82*

[0.68–0.98]

0.83

[0.38–1.84]

0.82

[0.50–1.36]

1.01

[0.29–3.50]

Region

        

 Northeast (Reference)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Midwest

1.04

[0.91–1.19]

3.45**

[1.41–8.45]

0.82

[0.52–1.30]

1.39

[0.41–4.69]

 Southeast

0.80*

[0.67–0.96]

2.67*

[1.14–6.24]

0.72

[0.50–1.03]

2.16

[0.83–5.66]

 West

1.05

[0.93–1.18]

3.19**

[1.36–7.52]

1.03

[0.74–1.45]

1.08

[0.34–3.41]

 Southwest

0.95

[0.82–1.09]

2.27

[0.95–5.44]

0.63*

[0.42–0.95]

1.12

[0.38–3.31]

Time of survey

        

 April–August 2020 (Reference)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Sept 2020– Jan 2021

0.97

[0.89–1.06]

1.03

[0.76–1.39]

1.27

[0.94–1.70]

1.37

[0.79–2.38]

Clinic funding

        

 Not title X or DK (Reference)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Title X

1.05

[0.96–1.16]

1.88***

[1.38–2.55]

1.24

[0.98–1.58]

2.53***

[1.55–4.11]

Patient volume

        

 Smaller clinic (Reference)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Larger clinic

1.10*

[1.00–1.21]

1.10

[0.83–1.45]

1.16

[0.93–1.45]

1.22

[0.82–1.82]

Telemedicine pre-pandemic

       

 Offered at clinic

1.24***

[1.16–1.32]

      

 Observations

649

 

648

 

570

 

649

 
  1. Standard errors are clustered by clinic. Coefficients for dummy variables representing missing data are not displayed
  2. aRR adjusted relative risk ratio, CI confidence interval
  3. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001