From: Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among indigenous adolescents in Guatemala: a cohort study
Groups | Outcomes (perinatal risk) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eclampsia | Preeclampsia | 3rd trimester/postpartum hemorrhage | Gestational age at birth (< 37 week) | Low birth weight (< 2500 g) | ||||||
OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | |
Indigenous adolescent | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Nonindigenous adolescent | 1.01 (0.25–4.04) | 0.95 (0.23–3.89) | 1.15 (0.42–3.19) | 1.18 (0.43–3.28) | 1.18 (0.68–2.06) | 1.21 (0.69–2.11) | 1.28 (0.91–1.79) | 1.28 (0.91–1.79) | 1.42 (1.09–1.85) | 1.44 (1.10–1.87) |
Indigenous adult women | 0.31 (0.08–1.15) | 0.42 (0.11–1.68) | 1.45 (0.65–3.24) | 1.76 (0.77–4.04) | 1.09 (0.70–1.71) | 0.98 (0.61–1.58) | 1.00 (0.76–1.33) | 0.97 (0.73–1.30) | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) | 0.99 (0.79–1.25) |
Nonindigenous adult women | 0.66 (0.21–2.11) | 1.06 (0.31–3.65) | 1.79 (0.81–3.98) | 2.22 (0.97–5.06) | 1.15 (0.74–1.81) | 1.05 (0.65–1.70) | 1.19 (0.90–1.57) | 1.17 (0.87–1.56) | 1.07 (0.86–1.34) | 1.09 (0.87–1.38) |
Groups | Outcomes (quality of care) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode of birth (cesarean) | Labor augmentation | Episiotomy | Local anesthesia | Postpartum oxytocin | Analgesia | |||||||
OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | OR crude (95% CI) | OR adjusted (95% CI) | |
Indigenous adolescent | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Nonindigenous adolescent | 1.07 (0.88–1.30) | 1.04 (0.86–1.27) | 1.17 (0.96–1.42) | 1.12 (0.92–1.36) | 0.86 (0.68–1.08) | 0.82 (0.65–1.04) | 0.88 (0.66–1.17) | 0.87 (0.66–1.17) | 0.85 (0.69–1.04) | 0.86 (0.70–1.05) | 1.18 (0.89–1.56) | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) |
Indigenous adult women | 1.24 (1.07–1.45) | 1.47 (1.25–1.73) | 0.94 (0.81–1.10) | 0.96 (0.82–1.13) | 0.33 (0.27–0.41) | 0.60 (0.49–0.74) | 0.37 (0.29–0.47) | 0.59 (0.46–0.76) | 0.98 (0.83–1.15) | 0.99 (0.84–1.18) | 0.90 (0.72–1.14) | 0.98 (0.77–1.24) |
Nonindigenous adult women | 1.20 (1.03–1.40) | 1.39 (1.18–1.64) | 1.22 (1.04–1.42) | 1.17 (0.99–1.38) | 0.32 (0.26–0.39) | 0.56 (0.45–0.70) | 0.48 (0.38–0.61) | 0.77 (0.60–0.99) | 0.74 (0.63–0.86) | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 1.32 (1.05–1.65) | 1.36 (1.07–1.73) |