Table 1 Covariates included in PSM to estimate the effect of ANC guideline and ANC providers’ training on ANC counselling

Client related variables

Age in years

NB: Age was in the continuous form to estimate the effect of provider training on counselling

[1] 15–20

[2] 21–25

[3] 26–30

[4] ≥ 31

School attendance

[1] Yes [0] No

Obstetric history

Trimester

NB: It was in the continuous form to estimate the effect of provider training on counselling

[1] First trimester

[2] Second trimester

[3] Third trimester

ANC visit number

[1] First visit [0] Re-visit

Number of pregnancies

[1] First pregnancy

[0] Not first pregnancy

Facility related variables

Facility location

[1] Urban [0] Rural

Facility type

[1] Hospital or Health Centre

[0] Clinic

Managing authority of the facility

[1] Government

[0] Other than government

Zonal level supervision

[1] Yes [0] No

Health information system available

[1] Yes [0] No

ANC provider related

Type of profession

[1] Nurse or Midwife [0] Others