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Table 5 Service related factors of participants in determinants of dual contraceptive utilization

From: Dual contraceptives and associated predictors in HIV positive women: a case–control study

Variables

Categories

Cases N = 78 (%)

Controls N = 234 (%)

P-value

Can use to avoid or delay pregnancy?

Yes

78 (100)

212 (90.6)

0.005

No

0 (0)

22 (9.4)

Condom plus another contraceptive

Yes

0 (0)

47 (20.1)

0.0001

No

78 (100)

187 (79.9)

Do you use condom plus another contraceptives? (N = 47)

Pills

0 (0)

18 (38.3)

1

Injectable

0 (0)

22 (46.8)

IUD

0 (0)

7 (14.9)

Which type of dual contraceptive currently use? (N = 242)

Pills + Condom

0 (00)

18 (7.7)

0.0001

Injectable + Condom

0 (00)

22 (9.4)

IUCD + condom

0 (00)

7 (3)

condoms only (male and female condoms)

78 (100)

0 (00)

Pills

0 (00)

33 ( 14.1)

Injectable

0 (00)

64 (27.4)

Implanon

0 (00)

10 ( 4.3)

IUCD

0 (00)

10 ( 3.8)

Have you ever received any follow up counseling in the last 3 months?

Yes

68 (87.2)

180 (76.9)

0.052

No

10 (12.8)

54 (23.1)

Which type of counselling did you receive? (N = 248)

About condom use

23 (33.8)

39 (21.7)

0.121

About use of dual contraceptives

34 (25.4)

100 (55.6)

About nutrition

11 (16.2)

41 (22.8)

Have you ever discussed with your partner about using any contraceptive method to delay or avoid pregnancy use?

Yes

56 (71.4)

117 (50)

0.001

No

22 (28.2)

117 (50)

Who would be decision maker? (N = 170)

My decision

7 (12.5)

10 (8.8)

0.236

My partners’ decision

12 (21.4)

17 (14.9)

Joint decision

36 (64.3)

87 (76.3)

Others

1 (1.8)

0 (0)

Did your husband or partner get HIV tested?

Yes

76 (97.4)

228 (97.4)

1

No

2 (2.6)

6 (2.6)

If yes, What was his result? (N = 304)

Positive

73 (96.1)

22 3(97.8)

0.408

Negative

3 (3.9)

5 (2.2)

How much is your recent CD4 count?

 < 250 cells/dl

0 (00)

1 (0.4)

0.001

250-350cells/dl

0 (00)

34 (14.5)

350-500cells/dl

17 (21)

64 (27.4)

 > 500cells/dl

61 (78.4)

135 (57.7)

Have you started ART?

Yes

78 (100)

234 (100)

1

12–24 months

22 (28.2)

22 (9.4)

0.0001

 > 24 months

56 (71.8)

212 (90.6)

How is your health status after ART started?

Improved

74 (94.9)

221 (94.4)

0.708

Same

4 (5.1)

11 (4.7)

Worsened

0 (0)

2 (0.9)

Time taken for counselling

 ≤ 30 min

32 (41)

97 (41.5)

 

 > 30 min

46 (59)

137 (58.5)

Have you ever faced the absence of services after reaching the health facility?

Yes

28 (35.9)

67 (28.6)

0.227

No

50 (64.1)

167 (71.4)

Who supported you? (N = 117)

Husband

31 (67.4)

44 (58.7)

0.541

Friends

2 (4.3)

7 (9.9)

Relatives

0 (00)

0 (00)

Health Professional

13 (28.3)

20 (28.2)

Is there any cultural practice in your community that prevents you from using contraceptives?

Yes

27 (34.6)

57 (24.4)

0.077

No

51 (65.4)

177 (75.6)

Do your spouse believe in any cultural or religious reason to not to use dual contraceptives?

Yes

30 (38.5)

81 (34.6)

0.539

No

48 (61.5)

153 (65.4)

Do you have any social stigma?

Yes

19 (24.4)

50 (21.4)

0.581

No

59 (75.6)

184 (78.6)

Did you use substance?

Alcohols

8 (10.3)

15 (6.4)

0.155

Chat

9 (11.5)

15 (6.4)

Never

61 (78.2)

226 (87.2)

What kind of dual contraceptive utilization have you heard before?

Male condom

57 (73.1)

199 (77.7)

0.003

Female condom

1 (1.3)

7 (3)

Male condom + Female condom

20 (25.6)

24 (10.4)

Where did you get the knowledge or information about contraception?

TV/Radio Newspaper/Internet (Media)

6 (7.7)

12 (5.2)

0.789

Health Education/ School Health

20 (25.6)

64 (27.8)

Doctors/ Nurses (Medical Professionals)

52 (66.7)

153 (66.5)

Friends/Family Member/Neighbors

0 (0)

1 (0.3)

Attitude

Negative Attitude

17 (21.8)

71 (30.3)

0.146

Positive Attitude

61 (78.2)

163 (69.7)