Quality improvement of childbirth care (Adequate Birth Project) and the assessment of women’s birth experience in Brazil: a structural equation modelling of a cross-sectional research

Filha, Mariza Miranda Theme; Leite, Tatiana Henriques; Baldisserotto, Marcia Leonardi; Esteves-Pereira, Ana Paula; do Carmo Leal, Maria

doi:10.1186/s12978-022-01536-1

Reproductive Health

Table 2 Standardized coefficients, standard error, and p-value of the direct effect of Adequate Childbirth Project (PPA) in Birth Experience. Brazil, 2017/2018

From: Quality improvement of childbirth care (Adequate Birth Project) and the assessment of women’s birth experience in Brazil: a structural equation modelling of a cross-sectional research

Model adjustment	RMSEA			0.012 (0.000–0.021)
	CFI			0.995
	TLI			0.987
	Vaginal (N = 937)			Caesarean (N = 1411)
	Standardized coefficient	Standard error	p-value	Standardized coefficient	Standard error	p-value
Latent variable
Birth experience
Respectful treatment	0.846	0.075	< 0.001	0.818	0.064	< 0.001
Participation in decision	0.899	0.076	< 0.001	0.810	0.062	< 0.001
Satisfaction with childbirth	0.863	0.102	< 0.001	0.716	0.063	< 0.001
Satisfaction with baby care	0.841	0.093	< 0.001	0.707	0.079	< 0.001
Direct effect
Birth experience
Adequate Childbirth Project (PPA)	0.388	0.177	0.028	− 0.271	0.157	0.085
Access to information	− 0.185	0.150	0.219	0.169	0.073	0.021
Pregnancy complication	0.519	0.118	< 0.001	0.041	0.073	0.574
Preference of birth in early pregnancy	0.147	0.199	0.459	− 0.003	0.094	0.978
Planned pregnancy	− 0.039	0.123	0.754	− 0.045	0.087	0.604
Incentive to birth plan pregnant	0.247	0.209	0.238	− 0.264	0.118	0.026
Pregnant Group Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	0.006	0.136	0.964	0.260	0.096	0.007
Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	0.290	0.116	0.012	− 0.192	0.106	0.069
Age	− 0.278	0.124	0.025	0.164	0.088	0.062
Economic status	0.265	0.195	0.175	0.261	0.107	0.015
Education	− 0.170	0.283	0.548	− 0.367	0.161	0.023
Parity	0.215	0.202	0.287	− 0.399	0.202	0.048
Incentive to birth plan
Adequate Childbirth Project (PPA)	− 0.252	0.109	0.021	− 0.085	0.137	0.532
Age	0.075	0.086	0.384	0.020	0.078	0.794
Preference of birth in early pregnancy	− 0.266	0.109	0.014	− 0.003	0.080	0.971
Economic status	0.092	0.119	0.437	− 0.041	0.089	0.645
Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	0.226	0.069	0.001	0.043	0.084	0.608
Planned pregnancy	− 0.051	0.078	0.510	0.078	0.070	0.265
Education Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	− 0.040	0.154	0.794	0.123	0.128	0.336
Access to information	0.382	0.064	< 0.001	0.400	0.053	< 0.001
Pregnant group	0.131	0.074	0.077	0.109	0.070	0.118
Parity	− 0.135	0.129	0.295	− 0.190	0.164	0.247
Access to information
Adequate Childbirth Project (PPA)	− 0.188	0.081	0.020	− 0.210	0.084	0.012
Age	− 0.117	0.053	0.028	0.010	0.048	0.826
Preference of birth in early pregnancy	− 0.111	0.080	0.163	− 0.088	0.061	0.147
Economic status	0.026	0.090	0.773	0.175	0.054	0.001
Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	0.032	0.073	0.664	0.180	0.060	0.003
Planned pregnancy	− 0.292	0.054	< 0.001	− 0.076	0.046	0.100
Education	0.317	0.106	0.003	0.160	0.080	0.047
Parity	− 0.099	0.084	0.241	− 0.230	0.101	0.022
Pregnant group
Adequate childbirth Project (PPA)	− 0.104	0.111	0.349	0.065	0.112	0.562
Age	− 0.054	0.079	0.498	− 0.003	0.064	0.967
Preference of birth in early pregnancy	0.102	0.108	0.345	0.012	0.072	0.873
Economic Status	− 0.142	0.111	0.200	− 0.165	0.082	0.044
Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	0.192	0.078	0.015	0.342	0.065	< 0.001
Planned pregnancy	0.068	0.082	0.409	0.090	0.061	0.140
Education	0.183	0.140	0.191	0.238	0.113	0.035
Access to information	0.093	0.072	0.194	0.134	0.055	0.015
Parity	− 0.299	1.121	0.013	− 0.036	0.135	0.788
Adequate Childbirth Project (PPA)
Pregnancy complication	− 0.166	0.069	0.016	− 0.047	0.052	0.371
Preference of birth in early pregnancy	− 0.157	0.079	0.046	− 0.063	0.062	0.312
Planned pregnancy	− 0.081	0.074	0.277	0.015	0.054	0.788
Age	0.100	0.074	0.180	0.167	0.050	0.001
Economic status	− 0.120	0.110	0.277	0.078	0.059	0.189
Education	− 0.078	0.144	0.590	− 0.311	0.088	< 0.001
Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA	− 0.120	0.078	0.125	− 0.106	0.060	0.080
Parity	− 0.664	0.067	< 0.001	− 0.852	0.045	< 0.001
Oriented to Seek Maternity PPA
Preference of birth in early pregnancy	0.093	0.137	0.500	− 0.114	0.085	0.181
Planned pregnancy	− 0.092	0.089	0.303	0.003	0.081	0.970
Age	− 0.107	0.089	0.231	− 0.112	0.074	0.134
Economic status	− 0.231	0.146	0.113	− 0.106	0.106	0.317
Education	0.348	0.161	0.031	0.204	0.127	0.109
Parity	− 0.081	0.099	0.413	0.008	0.095	0.931
Pregnancy complication
Age	0.211	0.078	0.007	0.053	0.051	0.305
Education	− 0.041	0.083	0.624	− 0.168	0.057	0.003
Parity	− 0.011	0.085	0.900	0.051	0.066	0.436
Preference of birth in early pregnancy
Age	0.122	0.085	0.152	− 0.014	0.066	0.837
Economic status	0.136	0.142	0.340	− 0.061	0.088	0.485
Education	− 0.447	0.161	0.006	0.116	0.106	0.273
Parity	− 0.242	0.091	0.008	− 0.047	0.083	0.573
Planned pregnancy
Age	− 0.292	0.057	< 0.001	− 0.369	0.041	< 0.001
Economic status	− 0.333	0.086	< 0.001	− 0.175	0.059	0.003
Education	0.068	0.101	0.500	− 0.040	0.077	0.605
Parity	0.161	0.066	0.015	0.173	0.058	0.003
Parity
Economic status	0.102	0.090	0.256	0.192	0.062	0.002
Age	0.445	0.050	< 0.001	0.373	0.040	< 0.001
Education	− 0.336	0.106	0.001	− 0.504	0.069	< 0.001
Economic status
Age	0.118	0.036	0.001	0.158	0.030	< 0.001
Education	0.667	0.034	< 0.001	0.578	0.028	< 0.001
Education
Age	0.452	0.032	< 0.001	0.324	0.030	< 0.001

Bold indicates the significant values p-value < 0.05

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