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Table 3 Relative and absolute inequality index of maternal healthcare use by common equity strata

From: Comparison of inequality in utilization of maternal healthcare services between Bangladesh and Pakistan: evidence from the demographic health survey 2017–2018

Inequality measures

Bangladesh

Pakistan

Single ANC visit (1st trimester) by skilled provider

At least four ANC visits by skilled provider

Skilled birth attendance

Facility-based delivery

Single ANC visit (1st trimester) by skilled provider

At least four ANC visits by skilled provider

Skilled birth attendance

Facility-based delivery

Women’s age

        

 Relative Concentration Index (RCI)

− 0.002 (0.01)

− 0.018 (0.01)

− 0.021 (0.01)

− 0.020 (0.01)

− 0.053 (0.01)

− 0.032 (0.02)

− 0.045 (0.02)

− 0.049 (0.02)

 Absolute Concentration Index (ACI)

− 0.002 (0.01)

− 0.018 (0.01)

− 0.020 (0.01)

− 0.020 (0.01)

− 0.052 (0.01)

− 0.032 (0.02)

− 0.035 (0.02)

− 0.041 (0.02)

 Slope Index of inequality (SII)

− 0.0004 (0.04)

− 0.044 (0.04)

− 0.052 (0.04)

− 0.050 (0.04)

− 0.148 (0.04)

− 0.080 (0.05)

− 0.095 (0.05)

− 0.110 (0.05)

Women’s education

        

 Relative Concentration Index (RCI)

0.277 (0.02)

0.299 (0.02)

0.380 (0.02)

0.373 (0.02)

0.380 (0.02)

0.470 (0.02)

0.394 (0.03)

0.392 (0.03)

 Absolute Concentration Index (ACI)

0.259 (0.02)

0.298 (0.02)

0.379 (0.02)

0.373 (0.02)

0.376 (0.02)

0.470 (0.02)

0.308 (0.02)

0.327 (0.02)

 Slope Index of inequality (SII)

0.416 (0.03)

0.476 (0.03)

0.591 (0.02)

0.582 (0.02)

0.644 (0.03)

0.757 (0.02)

0.611 (0.04)

0.627 (0.04)

Wealth status

        

 Relative Concentration Index (RCI)

0.294 (0.02)

0.311 (0.02)

0.424 (0.02)

0.403 (0.02)

0.439 (0.02)

0.516 (0.02)

0.459 (0.03)

0.451 (0.03)

 Absolute Concentration Index (ACI)

0.275 (0.02)

0.310 (0.02)

0.423 (0.02)

0.403 (0.02)

0.435 (0.02)

0.516 (0.02)

0.358 (0.03)

0.376 (0.03)

 Slope Index of inequality (SII)

0.412 (0.03)

0.461 (0.03)

0.612 (0.02)

0.586 (0.02)

0.645 (0.02)

0.738 (0.02)

0.569 (0.04)

0.587 (0.04)

Husband’s education

        

 Relative Concentration Index (RCI)

0.300 (0.02)

0.310 (0.02)

0.375 (0.02)

0.368 (0.02)

0.306 (0.02)

0.380 (0.02)

0.332 (0.03)

0.335 (0.02)

 Absolute Concentration Index (ACI)

0.281 (0.02)

0.309 (0.02)

0.373 (0.02)

0.368 (0.02)

0.303 (0.02)

0.379 (0.02)

0.260 (0.02)

0.280 (0.02)

 Slope Index of inequality (SII)

0.426 (0.03)

0.466 (0.03)

0.554 (0.02)

0.546 (0.02)

0.468 (0.03)

0.572 (0.03)

0.424 (0.03)

0.451 (0.03)

Last birth order

        

 Relative Concentration Index (RCI)

− 0.138 (0.02)

− 0.161 (0.02)

− 0.242 (0.02)

− 0.237 (0.02)

− 0.241 (0.02)

− 0.200 (0.02)

− 0.213 (0.02)

− 0.221 (0.02)

 Absolute Concentration Index (ACI)

− 0.129 (0.02)

− 0.161 (0.02)

− 0.241 (0.02)

− 0.237 (0.02)

− 0.239 (0.02)

− 0.200 (0.02)

− 0.166 (0.02)

− 0.184 (0.02)

 Slope Index of inequality (SII)

− 0.217 (0.03)

− 0.267 (0.03)

− 0.393 (0.03)

− 0.388 (0.03)

− 0.369 (0.03)

− 0.312 (0.03)

− 0.261 (0.03)

− 0.288 (0.03)

  1. Maternal age is categorized as ‘15–19’, ‘20–34’ and ‘35–49’. Women’s education and husband’s education are categorized as no formal schooling, primary education not completed, primary education completed, junior school completed, secondary school completed and higher secondary or above. Birth order is categorized as ‘First’, ‘Second’ ‘Third’ and ‘Forth or higher’. Standard error is in parenthesis