|
Age (years)
|
26.78 ± 4.95
|
29.02 ± 6.04
|
<0.001
|
|
Waist (cm)
|
99.29 ± 13.30
|
93.25 ± 12.05
|
<0.001
|
|
Waist-hip ratio (WHR)
|
0.91 ± 0.75
|
0.89 ± 0.69
|
<0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
31.08 ± 5.82
|
28.66 ± 5.04
|
<0.001
|
|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
125.04 ± 11.94
|
123.25 ± 11.28
|
0.078
|
|
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
82.21 ± 8.07
|
81.29 ± 7.43
|
0.178
|
|
AMH (ng/mL)
|
5.39 ± 2.02
|
2.49 ± 1.72
|
<0.001
|
|
Total testosterone (ng/mL)
|
0.44 ± 0.21
|
0.27 ± 0.13
|
<0.001
|
|
SHBG (nmol/L)
|
28.01 ± 22.09
|
41.08 ± 32.39
|
<0.001
|
|
Glucose metabolism profile
| |
|
Fasting insulin (FI) (μU/ml)
|
15.98 ± 10.12
|
10.75 ± 5.62
|
<0.001
|
|
2-h insulin (2-h I) (μU/ml)
|
93.79 ± 69.33
|
59.15 ± 39.24
|
<0.001
|
|
Fasting glucose (FG) (mg/dL)
|
90.96 ± 16.72
|
90.01 ± 12.30
|
0.458
|
|
2-h glucose (2-h G)(mg/dL)
|
126.44 ± 46.75
|
116.06 ± 28.56
|
0.002
|
|
QUICKI
|
0.37 ± 0.03
|
0.34 ± 0.03
|
0.001
|
|
Ratio of 2-h glucose to 2-h insulin
|
1.96 ± 1.35
|
2.58 ± 1.40
|
<0.001
|
|
Fasting glucose/fasting insulin
|
7.74 ± 5.24
|
10.61 ± 5.88
|
<0.001
|
|
HOMA-IR
|
3.67 ± 2.683
|
2.41 ± 1.42
|
<0.001
|
|
HOMA-B
|
227.99 ± 154.67
|
161.94 ± 105.27
|
<0.001
|
|
Matusda index
|
5.21 ± 3.75
|
7.19 ± 4.13
|
0.005
|
|
Insulin resistance (IR)
|
112 (42.6)
|
45 (17.1)
|
<0.001
|
|
Normal GTT
|
176 (66.9)
|
196 (74.5)
|
0.105
|
|
Prediabetes (IFG and/or IGT)
|
75 (28.5)
|
61 (23.2)
|
|
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
|
12 (4.6)
|
6 (2.3)
|
|
Family history of T2DM
|
131 (49.8)
|
104 (39.5)
|
0.022
|
|
Lipid profile
| | | |
|
Total cholesterol (TC) (mg/dL)
|
173.30 ± 34.86
|
165.29 ± 32.59
|
0.018
|
|
Triglycerides (TG) (mg/dL)
|
125.73 ± 87.01
|
96.73 ± 57.15
|
<0.001
|
|
HDL (mg/dL)
|
43.69 ± 9.68
|
45.22 ± 8.85
|
0.059
|
|
LDL (mg/dL)
|
81.55 ± 23.83
|
77.31 ± 21.87
|
0.034
|
|
Cardiovascular risk (TG/HDL)
|
3.17 ± 3.03
|
2.28 ± 1.61
|
<0.001
|
|
Metabolic syndrome (MetS)
|
141 (53.6)
|
86 (32.7)
|
<0.001
|
