A case–control observational study of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome among the four phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome based on Rotterdam criteria

Jamil, Avin S; Alalaf, Shahla K; Al-Tawil, Namir G; Al-Shawaf, Talha

doi:10.1186/1742-4755-12-7

Reproductive Health

Table 2 The clinical characteristics and metabolic profiles in different PCOS phenotypes and control women

From: A case–control observational study of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome among the four phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome based on Rotterdam criteria

Parameters	A n = 139	B n = 10	C n = 36	D n = 78	E-Control n = 263	P-value
Age (years)	26.96 ± 4.67^b,e	32.70 ± 2.71^a,c,d,e	26.64 ± 4.86^e	25.76 ± 5.19^e	29.02 ± 6.03^a,b,c,d	<0.001
Waist (cm)	100.85 ± 12.42^d,e	103.50 ± 8.71^e	96.86 ± 14.08	97.10 ± 14.5^e	93.25 ± 12.05^a,b,d	<0.001
Waist/hip ratio	0.92 ± 0.06^e	0.95 ± .05^e	0.91 ± 0.09	0.91 ± 0.08	0.89 ± 0.07 ^a,b	0.001
BMI (kg/m²)	31.79 ± 5.79^c,e	32.83 ± 4.83^e	29.41 ± 5.67^a	30.36 ± 5.88^e	28.66 ± 5.04^a,b,d	<0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	126.37 ± 12.46^d,e	129.50 ± 13.01	122.78 ± 10.92	123.14 ± 10.99^a	123.25 ± 11.28^a	0.043
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	82.81 ± 8.82	84.50 ± 4.97	80.42 ± 8.31	81.67 ± 6.67	81.29 ± 7.42	0.214
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	176.70 ± 31.66^c,e	177.40 ± 31.39	162.44 ± 27.11^a	168.35 ± 42.30	165.29 ± 32.59^e	0.015
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	130.37 ± 90.88^e	144.50 ± 45.32^e	105.61 ± 59.51	124.33 ± 93.93^e	96.73 ± 57.15 ^a,b,d	<0.001
HDL(mg/dL)	43.74 ± 9.70	42.78 ± 8.12	43.99 ± 9.96	43.59 ± 9.86	45.22 ± 8.84	0.450
LDL (mg/dL)	85.08 ± 24.79^c,d,e	83.70 ± 20.90	74.05 ± 17.21^a	78.44 ± 24.19^a	77.31 ± 21.87^a	0.010
TG/HDL (CV risk)*	3.31 ± 3.45^e	3.44 ± 1.15	2.69 ± 1.95	3.12 ± 2.807^e	2.28 ± 1.6^a,d	0.001
Fasting glucose (FG)	91.29 ± 19.74	93.70 ± 16.02	87.58 ± 10.1	91.58 ± 13.04	90.01 ± 12.3	0.555
2-h glucose	129.45 ± 49.9^e	128.90 ± 30.76	124.36 ± 53.95	121.73 ± 38.49^e	116.06 ± 28.52^a,d	0.022
Fasting insulin (FI)	16.86 ± 11.41^e	18.52 ± 11.18^e	14.51 ± 7.65^e	14.76 ± 8.22 ^e	10.74 ± 5.61^a,b,c,d	<0.001
2-h insulin	103.63 ± 74.65^d,e	101.91 ± 81.45^e	93.60 ± 69.4^e	75.29 ± 53.01^a,e	59.15 ± 39.2^a,b,c,d	<0.001
Fasting glucose/fasting insulin	7.30 ± 4.40^e	7.21 ± 4.78^e	8.14 ± 4.87^e	8.46 ± 6.64^e	10.64 ± 5.89^a,b,c,d	<0.001
Ratio of 2-h glucose to 2-h insulin	1.86 ± 1.40^e	1.56 ± 0.84^e	2.04 ± 1.66^e	2.15 ± 1.17^e	2.58 ± 1.40^a,b,c,d	0.001
Matsuda index	4.81 ± 3.449^e	5.01 ± 4.19	6.02 ± 5.33	5.58 ± 3.28^e	7.19 ± 4.13^a,d	0.001
HOMA-IR	3.873 ± 2.99^e	4.48 ± 3.27^e	3.19 ± 1.86^e	3.46 ± 2.29^e	2.41 ± 1.42^a,b,c,d	<0.001
HOMA-B	237.14 ± 163.32^e	245.35 ± 139.7	227.93 ± 162.2^e	210.21 ± 138.2^e	161.93 ± 105.27^a,c,d	0.001
QUICKI	0.32 ± 0.02^e	0.32 ± 0.03^e	0.33 ± 0.03^e	0.32 ± 0.03^e	0.34 ± 0.02^a,b,c,d	<0.001

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. P-values were calculated using one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons (post hoc test (least significance difference (LSD)).
*(TG/HDL) Triglyceride/ high-density lipoprotein (fasting), CV: cardiovascular risk.
^aP < 0.05 versus phenotype A PCOS, ^bP < 0.05 versus phenotype B PCOS, ^cP < 0.05 versus phenotype C PCOS, ^dP < 0.05 versus phenotype D PCOS, ^eP < 0.05 versus control.
(Note: (i) Phenotype A (O + H + P), (ii) Phenotype B (O + H), (iii) Phenotype C (H + P) and (iv) Phenotype D (O + P). A: Oligo-anovulation (O), + Hyperandrogenism (H), + Polycystic ovaries morphology (P).

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