Table 2 Determinants of modern contraceptives use among rural women of reproductive age in the Upper East Region of Ghana

Exposure to nearest health facility

 <2 km

4796 (87.0)

1

1

 > = 2 km

715 (13.0)

0.67 (0.51, 0.88)

0.74 (0.57, 0.98)

0.035

Level of education attained

 None

3352 (60.8)

1

1

 Primary/JHS

1877 (34.1)

0.90 (0.74, 1.11)

1.28 (0.98, 1.66)

0.069

 SHS/Tertiary

282 (5.1)

1.83 (1.35, 2.47)

1.76 (1.24, 2.50)

0.002

Mother’s age

 15-19

1211 (21.9)

1

1

 20-34

2449 (44.5)

3.39 (2.58, 4.49)

1.41 (0.89, 2.21)

0.137

 35- 49

1851 (33.6)

2.42 (1.77, 3.31)

1.07 (0.65, 1.76)

0.799

Marital status

 Not married

1804 (32.7)

1

1

 Married/polygamous union

1374 (24.9)

1.65 (1.25, 2.20)

1.02 (0.72, 1.43)

0.923

 Married/monogamous union

2272 (41.2)

2.74 (2.17, 3.45)

1.56 (1.17, 2.07)

0.003

Owned functional mobile phone

 No

4002 (72.6)

1

1

 Yes, Seen

795 (14.4)

2.15 (1.72, 2.68)

1.67 (1.31, 2.13)

<0.001

 Yes, not seen

714 (13.0)

1.49 (1.16, 1.90)

1.20 (0.91, 1.58)

0.185

Place of residence

 Urban

716 (13.0)

1

 Rural

4795 (87.0)

0.89 (0.69, 1.15)

*

Religious Affiliation

 Christianity

3073 (55.8)

1

 Traditional

728 (13.2)

0.97 (0.79, 1.19)

*

 Islam

1508 (27.4)

0.84 (0.64, 1.09)

*

 No Religion

202 (3.6)

0.73 (0.39, 1.37)

*

Wealth index**

 Poor

3495 (63.4)

1

1

 None poor

2016 (36.6)

1.46 (1.21, 1.76)

1.31 (1.08, 1.58)

0.007

Parity

 0

1532 (27.8)

1

1

 1-4

2279 (41.4)

3.41 (2.58, 4.51)

2.62 (1.67, 4.07)

<0.001

 5+

1700 (30.8)

2.51 (1.89, 3.34)

3.01 (1.89, 4.80)

<0.001

Reproductive preferences

 Using for spacing

3835 (69.6)

1

1

 Using for limiting

972 (17.6)

3.64 (1.33, 9.94)

1.04 (0.84, 1.29)

0.678

 Undecided

501 (9.1)

4.03 (1.45, 11.19)

1.37 (0.93, 2.02)

0.114

 Can’t get preg/NA

203 (3.7)

3.89 (1.39, 10.89)

0.32 (0.11, 0.91)

0.033