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Table 5 Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of postpartum haemorrhage among women with FGM Type 3, by episiotomy type

From: Episiotomy and obstetric outcomes among women living with type 3 female genital mutilation: a secondary analysis

 

Model 1: Unadjusted odds ratio (95 % CI)

Model 2: Adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI)

Episiotomy type

 None (comparison)

1.00

1.00

 Anterior

0.08 (0.02–0.26)***

0.08 (0.02–0.24)***

 Posterior lateral

0.20 (0.07–0.60)***

0.17 (0.05–0.52)**

 Anterior & Posterior lateral

0.05 (0.02–0.12)***

0.04 (0.01–0.11)***

 Other

0.07 (0.02–0.23)***

0.06 (0.02–0.20)***

Obstetric characteristics

 Parity

--

0.56 (0.29–1.08)

 Pelvic introitus

--

0.72 (042–1.24)

Demographic characteristics

 Age

--

1.02 (0.97–1.08)

 Education

--

1.15 (0.77–1.71)

 SES

--

0.82 (0.45–1.49)

  1. ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01 ***p ≤ 0.05
  2. Adjusted for clustering at the centre level (n = 28)
  3. Note: Pelvic introitus assessed by fingerbreadths