Table 2 Items for person-centered maternity care scale
Original Domain | Question | Referred to in text as | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
Dignity/Respect | 1. How did you feel about the amount of time you waited? Would you say it was very short, just a little long, somewhat long, or very long? | Time to care | Retained |
Dignity/Respect | 2. During your time in the health facility did the doctors, nurses, or other health care providers introduce themselves to you when they first came to see you? | Introduce self | Retained but loads better in rural than urban sample |
Dignity/Respect | 3. Did the doctors, nurses, or other health care providers call you by your name? | Called by name | Retained but loads better in rural than urban sample |
Dignity/Respect | 4. Did the doctors, nurses, or other staff at the facility treat you with respect? | Treated with respect | Retained |
Dignity/Respect | 5. Did the doctors, nurses, and other staff at the facility treat you in a friendly manner? | Friendly | Retained |
Dignity/Respect | 6. Did the doctors, nurses, and other staff at the facility show they cared for you? | Show cared | Deleted: correlated with friendly and respect |
Dignity/Respect | 7. Did you feel the doctors, nurses, or other health providers shouted at you, scolded, insulted, threatened, or talked to you rudely? | Verbal abuse | Retained |
Dignity/Respect | 8. Did you feel like you were treated roughly like pushed, beaten, slapped, pinched, physically restrained, or gagged? | Physical abuse | Retained but loads better in rural than urban sample |
Dignity/Respect | 9. Did you feel like you were forced to stay at the health facility against your will because you could not pay your bill? | Stay against will | Deleted: low correlation with other items and low loading in all samples |
Privacy/Confidentiality | 10. When you were speaking to the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility, did you feel other people not involved in your care could hear what you were discussing? | Auditory privacy | Deleted: low correlation with other items and low loading in all samples |
Privacy/Confidentiality | 11. During examinations in the labor room, were you covered up with a cloth or blanket or screened with a curtain so that you did not feel exposed? | Visual privacy | Retained |
Privacy/Confidentiality | 12. Do you feel like your health information was or will be kept confidential at this facility? | Record confidentiality | Retained |
Autonomy | 13. Did you feel like the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility involved you in decisions about your care? | Involvement in care | Retained |
Autonomy | 14. Did the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility ask your permission/consent before doing procedures and examinations on you? | Consent to procedures/exams | Retained |
Autonomy | 15. During the delivery, do you feel like you were able to be in the position of your choice? | Delivery position choice | Retained but loads better in urban than rural sample |
Communication | 16. Did the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility speak to you in a language you could understand? | Language | Retained |
Communication | 17. Did the doctors and nurses explain to you why they were doing examinations or procedures on you? | Explain exams/procedures | Retained |
Communication | 18. Did the doctors and nurses explain to you why they were giving you any medicine? | Explain medicines | Retained |
Communication | 19. Did you feel you could ask the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility any questions you had? | Able to ask questions | Retained |
Social Support | 20. Were you allowed to have someone you wanted (outside of staff at the facility, such as family or friends) to stay with you during labor? | Labor support | Retained |
Social Support | 21. Were you allowed to have someone you wanted to stay with you during delivery? | Delivery support | Retained but loads better in urban than rural sample |
Supportive Care | 22. Did the doctors and nurses at the facility talk to you about how you were feeling? | Talk about feeling | Retained |
Supportive Care | 23. Did the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility support your anxieties and fears? | Support anxiety | Retained |
Supportive Care | 24. Did the doctors and nurses ask how much pain you were in? | Ask about pain | Deleted: correlated with control pain and ask about feeling |
Supportive Care | 25. Do you feel the doctors or nurses did everything they could to help control your pain? | Control pain | Retained |
Supportive Care | 26. When you needed help, did you feel the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility paid attention? | Attention when need help | Retained |
Supportive Care | 27. Did you feel the doctors and nurses paid attention to you during your stay in the facility? | Attention during stay | Deleted: correlated with attention when needing help |
Supportive Care | 28. Were you allowed to eat or drink when you were hungry/thirsty? | Allowed to eat/drink | Deleted: low correlation with other items and low loading in all samples |
Trust | 29. Did you feel the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility took the best care of you? | Took best care | Retained |
Trust | 30. Did you feel you could completely trust the doctors, nurses or other staff at the facility with regards to your care? | Trust | Retained |
Predictability &transparency of payments | 31. During your time at the facility, did any staff at the facility ask you or your family for kitu kidogo? (colloquial translation for bribe) | Bribe | Deleted: low correlation with other items and low loading in all samples |
Stigma & Discrimination | 32. During your time in the health facility, would you say you were treated differently because of any personal attribute… like your age, marital status, number of children, your education, wealth, your connections with the facility, or something like that? | Differential treatment | Deleted: low correlation with other items and low loading in all samples |
Facility environment | 33. Do you think there was enough health staff in the facility to care for you? | Enough staff | Retained |
Facility environment | 34. Thinking about the labor and postnatal wards, Did you feel the health facility was crowded? | Crowded | Retained but loads better in urban than rural sample |
Facility environment | 35. Thinking about the wards, washrooms and the general environment of the health facility, will you say the facility was very clean, clean, dirty, or very dirty? | Clean | Retained but loads better in rural than urban sample |
Facility environment | 36. Was there water in the facility? | Water | Retained |
Facility environment | 37. Was there electricity in the facility? | Electricity | Retained |
Facility environment | 38. In general, did you feel safe in the health facility? | Safe | Retained |