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Table 4 How to interpret direction of outcomes in summary tables

From: A systematic review of person-centered care interventions to improve quality of facility-based delivery

Direction of outcome

PCC Outcomes

Labor and Delivery

Perinatal

Maternal Mental Health

Positive (+)

Improved the level of PCC

Decreased obstetric interventions

Decreased poor perinatal outcome (less pre-term birth, higher Apgar scores)

Improved mental health

Negative (−)

Decreased the level of PCC

Increased interventions

Increased poor perinatal outcome

Worsened mental health

No difference (=)

No change to the level of PCC

No change to interventions

No change to poor perinatal outcome

No change to mental health