Prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Africa: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Arowojolu, A. O.; Odukogbe, A. A.; Yalew, Alemayehu Worku

doi:10.1186/s12978-018-0640-2

Reproductive Health

Table 1 Summary characteristics of studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Africa

From: Prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Africa: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

Authors & year	Study area, country	Sub-region	Study design and type	Study population	Range of ages of participants	Sample size	Response rate (%)	Outcome measured	Prevalence of adolescent pregnancy
Mathewos and Mekuria, 2018 [12]	Arba Minch town, Ethiopia	East Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	School adolescent students	15 to 19	578	100	Ever pregnant	7.7
Akanbi F et al., 2016 [15]	Naguru Teenage Centre Kampala, Uganda	East Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	Adolescent girls	13 to 19	384	82	Current pregnant	39.7
Sungwe, 2015 [16]	Zambia, 2007 DHS	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1574	100	Ever pregnant	28.5
Kaphagawani and Kalipeni, 2017 [69]	Zomba district, Malawi	East Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	Women visiting ANC	10 to 19	505	100	Current pregnant	37.1
Agbor et al., 2017 [47]	Health facilities in rural Cameroon	Central Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All deliveries during the study period	10 to 19	2343	77	Current pregnant	20.4
Malawi 2015–16 DHS, 2017 [45]	The 2015–16 DHS, Malawi	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	5263	100	Ever pregnant	29
Ethiopia 2016 DHS, 2017 [29]	The 2016 DHS, Ethiopia	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	3381	100	Ever pregnant	13
Jonas et al., 2016 [72]	South Africa	Southern Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	School adolescent students	11 to 19	16,614	100	Ever pregnant	20.5
Garba et al., 2016 [48]	Aminu kano teaching hospital, Nigeria	West Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All deliveries during the study period	15 to 19	9312	100	Current pregnant	5.8
Zimbabwe 2015 DHS, 2016 [45]	The 2015 DHS, Zimbabwe	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2199	100	Ever pregnant	21.6
Rwanda 2014–15 DHS, 2016 [44]	The 2014–15 DHS, Rwanda	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2768	100	Ever pregnant	7.3
Lesotho 2014 DHS, 2016 [43]	The 2014 DHS, Lesotho	Southern Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1440	100	Ever pregnant	19.1
Tanzania 2015–16 DHS, 2016 [42]	The 2015–16 DHS, Tanzania	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2904	100	Ever pregnant	26.7
Beyene et al., 2015 [18]	Assosa general Hospital, Benishangul Gumuz region, Ethiopia	East Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	Teenage females visiting hospital for health care services	13 to 19	783	98.3	Ever pregnant	20.4
Okigbo and Speizer, 2015 [70]	Five urban areas in Kenya, Kenya	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Unmarried young women	15 to 19	750	100	Ever pregnant	8.1
Ngowa et al., 2015 [49]	Yaoundé general hospital, Cameroon	Central Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	10 to 19	11,640	100	Current pregnant	2.84
Egbe et al., 2015 [71]	Buea health district, South West Region, Cameroon	Central Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	Women visiting ANC	10 to 19	6564	100	Current pregnant	13.3
Schipulle, 2015 [50]	Three health centers in the central Gabon	Central Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	12 to 19	1972	100	Current pregnant	23.7
Kenya 2014 DHS, 2015 [40]	The 2014 DHS, Kenya	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	5820	100	Ever pregnant	18.1
Egypt 2014 DHS, 2015 [41]	The 2014 DHS, Egypt	North Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	5185	100	Ever pregnant	10.9
Ghana 2014 DHS, 2015 [39]	The 2014 DHS, Ghana	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1625	100	Ever pregnant	14.2
Zambia 2013–14 DHS, 2015 [38]	The 2013–14 DHS, Zambia	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	3625	100	Ever pregnant	28.5
Envuladu et al., 2014 [19]	Rural Community in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Teenage girls	13 to 19	192	100	Ever pregnant	25.5
Brahmbhatt et al., 2014 [67]	Urban disadvantaged settings, South Africa	Southern Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	224	100	Ever pregnant	28.8
Brahmbhatt et al., 2014 [67]	Urban disadvantaged settings, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	229	100	Ever pregnant	24.1
Gambia 2013 DHS, 2014 [37]	The 2013 DHS, Gambia	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2407	100	Ever pregnant	17.5
Sierra Leone 2013 DHS, 2014 [36]	The 2013 DHS, Sierra Leone	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	3878	100	Ever pregnant	27.9
Liberia 2013 DHS, 2014 [33]	The 2013 DHS, Liberia	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2080	100	Ever pregnant	31.3
Namibia 2013 DHS, 2014 [34]	The 2013 DHS, Namibia	Southern Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1906	100	Ever pregnant	18.6
Nigeria 2013 DHS, 2014 [35]	The 2013 DHS, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	7820	100	Ever pregnant	22.5
Fayemi et al., 2013 [68]	Ekiti state, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	13 to 18	400	100	Ever pregnant	25
Ugboma et al., 2012 [51]	Ebonyi state university teaching hospital, Nigeria	West Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	13 to 19	8297	100	Current pregnant	5.5
Iklaki et al., 2012 [52]	University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria	West Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	10 to 19	9906	100	Current pregnant	6.5
Ezegwui et al., 2012 [53]	Tertiary hospital in Enugu, Nigeria	West Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	11 to 19	4422	100	Current pregnant	1.62
Amoran, 2012 [58]	Sagamu local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	All pregnant women attending the primary health care	10 to 19	225	100	Current pregnant	22.9
Nyarko, 2012 [22]	The 2008 DHS, Ghana	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1037	100	Ever pregnant	10.2
Mchunu et al., 2012 [73]	South Africa	Southern Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Youths	10 to 19	3123	96.4	Ever pregnant	19.3
Isa and Gani, 2012 [54]	Niger delta university teaching hospital, Bayelsa state, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	13 to 19	1341	100	Current pregnant	6.2
Uganda 2011 DHS, 2012 [32]	The 2011 DHS, Uganda	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2048	100	Ever pregnant	23.8
Rasheed et al., 2011 [55]	Sohag university hospital, Sohag, Egypt	North Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	10 to 19	30,441	100	Current pregnant	7.5
Maduforo and Oluwatoyin, 2011 [59]	General hospital Ganye, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	Women visiting ANC	10 to 19	106	100	Current pregnant	50.9
Alemayehu et al., 2010 [23]	The 2005 DHS, Ethiopia	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	3266	100	Ever pregnant	13.6
Tebeu et al., 2010 [56]	Referral maternity units in Cameroon	Central Africa	Retrospective study, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	10 to 19	57,787	99.7	Current pregnant	14.23
Swaziland 2006–07 DHS, 2008 [31]	The 2006–07 DHS, Swaziland	Southern Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1274	100	Ever pregnant	22.6
Iloki et al., 2004 [57]	Brazzaville university hospital, Congo	Central Africa	Cross sectional, institution-based	All delieveries during the study period	< 18	5204	100	Current pregnant	5.3
Fathi, 2003 [25]	The 1998 DHS, Cameroon	Central Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1282	100	Ever pregnant	31.2
Eritrea 2002 DHS, 2003 [30]	The 2002 DHS, Eritrea	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	1129	100	Ever pregnant	23
Ayele et al., 2018 [13]	Deguwa Tembien district, Tigry, Ethiopia	East Africa	Case control, community-based	Adolescent girls	13 to 19	414	100	Current pregnancy	–
Izugbara, 2015 [17]	2008 DHS, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	13 to 19	6592	100	Current pregnancy	–
Philemon, 2007 [24]	Kinondoni Municipality, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania	East Africa	Cross sectional	Adolescent girls	10 to 19	246	83	Current pregnancy	–
Kupoluyi et al., 2013 [20]	2003 DHS, Nigeria	West Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	10 to 19	7819	100	Ever pregnant	–
Gideon, 2013 [21]	2011 DHS, Uganda	East Africa	Cross sectional, community-based	Adolescent girls	15 to 19	2026	100	Ever pregnant	–

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