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Table 1 Distribution of matched factor and socioeconomic factors in HPV infection: comparison of HPV cases and controls

From: Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with HPV infection in pregnant women: a matched case-control study in Beijing, China

Characteristics

HPV Cases n = 66 (%)

Controls n = 132 (%)

*p-value

OR (95%CI)

**p-value

Matched factor

 Age

28.15 ± 4.38

28.17 ± 4.33

0.977

Socioeconomic factor

 Ethic group

  

0.156

  

  Han nationality

64 (97.0)

121 (91.7)

 

1

 

  Other ethics

2 (3.0)

11 (8.3)

 

0.36(0.04–1.67)

0.278

 Educational level

  

0.480

  

  Low(≤ 9 years)

11 (16.7)

35 (26.5)

 

0.65(0.27–1.57)

0.409

  Middle (9–12 years)

27 (40.9)

41 (31.1)

 

1.23(0.61–2.50)

0.638

  High(> 12 years)

28 (42.4)

56 (42.4)

 

1

 

 Occupation

  

0.687

  

  Housewife

28 (42.4)

63 (47.7)

 

1.06(0.34–3.55)

0.990

  Manual labor

15 (22.7)

21 (15.9)

 

1.69(0.46–6.65)

0.552

  Other type

16 (24.2)

32 (24.2)

 

1.18(0.34–4.43)

0.990

  Office worker

7 (10.6)

16 (12.1)

 

1

 

 Household income

  

0.080

  

  < 3000 Yuan/month

20 (30.3)

28 (21.2)

 

1.16 (0.39–3.55)

0.972

  3000–5999 Yuan/month

24 (36.4)

50 (37.9)

 

0.73 (0.27–2.06)

0.651

  6000–8999 Yuan/month

10 (15.2)

34 (25.8)

 

0.46 (0.13–1.54)

0.249

  ≥ 9000 Yuan/month

12 (18.2)

20 (15.2)

 

1

 

 Marital status

  

0.475

  

  Married

64 (97.0)

130 (98.5)

 

1

 

  Single/Divorced/Widowed

2 (3.0)

2 (1.5)

 

2.0 (0.15–27.59)

0.815

  Residency in Beijing

  

0.920

  

  ≤ 5 years

34 (51.5)

67 (50.8)

 

1

 

  > 5 years

32 (48.5)

65 (49.2)

 

0.96 (0.47–1.97)

0.990

  Living condition

  

0.269

  

  House owner

13 (19.7)

18 (13.6)

 

1

 

  Rental/Living with parents/Other

53 (80.3)

114 (86.4)

 

0.66 (0.29–1.54)

0.383

  1. *p-value was obtained from student t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Non-parametric test (Wilcoxon) test for educational level and household income. **p-value was obtained from the multiple logistic regression model that simultaneously included socioeconomic factors