Table 1 Formative research methods and data sources
Method | Research question | Data generated | Sites | Participants and sampling | Analysis methods | Forms required |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qualitative research (IDIs) | How is primary PPH during vaginal birth (a) currently detected and managed; and (b) to what extent are the E-MOTIVE bundle components implemented? What are the factors influencing (a) current PPH detection and management; (b) implementation of the E-MOTIVE bundle? | Audio recordings Written transcriptions with field notes | n = 9 facilities total n = 3 per country: Kenya Nigeria South Africa | n = 45 providers total purposively sampled: Per country (n = 15): 3 administrators 6 doctors 6 midwives/nurses | Framework analysis using combined deductive framework and inductive thematic analysis | Information sheet Consent form In-depth interview guide |
Online Survey | How is primary and refractory PPH during vaginal birth (a) currently detected and managed; and (b) to what extent are the E-MOTIVE bundle components implemented? What are the factors influencing (a) current PPH detection and management; (b) implementation of the E-MOTIVE bundle | Electronic survey data | n = 80 health facilities total Kenya Nigeria South Africa Sri Lanka Tanzania | n = 630–700 healthcare providers total Per facility (n = 9–10) 1–2 obstetricians 3 medical officers/ residents/junior doctors 5 midwives/nurses | Descriptive statistics Content analysis (open ended questions) | Information sheet Consent form Survey questionnaire |
Stakeholder consultation and design workshops | What are the common and unique factors influencing PPH detection and management across (a) data sources [qualitative and survey]; and (b) countries/sites? To what extent is the proposed E-MOTIVE implementation strategy feasible and acceptable to key stakeholders? How might the proposed strategy be adapted to the local context in each country? | Audio recordings Written transcriptions with field notes Quantitative ranking exercise about feasibility and acceptability | Stakeholder consultation and design workshops will be facilitated for each country | E-MOTIVE international research team, E-MOTIVE country teams, hospital representatives (doctors, midwives) | Thematic analysis & descriptive statistics | Information sheet Consent form Ranking scales |