Table 3 Prevalence of sexual wellbeing indicators for boys and girls in Indonesia
Variable | Category | Total (N = 4309) | Boys (N = 2031) | Girls (N = 2278) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) mean (SD) | n (%) mean (SD) | n (%) mean (SD) | |||
Sexual literacy and communication | |||||
Knowledge about HIV | Mean (SD) range 1–4 | 0.9 (1.1) | 1.1 (1.1) | 0.7 (1.0) | < 0.001 |
Knowledge about pregnancy and contraceptives | Mean (SD) range 1–6 | 1.7 (1.5) | 2.0 (1.6) | 1.5 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
Overall SRHR knowledge | Mean (SD) range 1–10 | 2.6 (2.3) | 3.1 (2.4) | 2.2 (2.2) | < 0.001 |
Low (< 50% correct) | 3364 (78.1%) | 1456 (71.7%) | 1908 (83.8%) | < 0.001 | |
High (≥ 50% correct) | 945 (21.9%) | 575 (28.3%) | 370 (16.2%) | ||
SRHR communication | No | 1371 (31.8%) | 633 (31.2%) | 738 (31.8%) | < 0.387 |
Yes | 2938 (68.2%) | 1398 (68.8%) | 1540 (67.6%) | ||
SRHR topics ever discussed* | Body changes/puberty | 2182 (74.3%) | 964 (69.0%) | 1218 (79.1%) | < 0.001 |
Sexual relations | 884 (30.1%) | 581 (41.6%) | 303 (19.7%) | < 0.001 | |
Pregnancy | 1127 (38.4%) | 593 (42.4%) | 534 (34.7%) | < 0.001 | |
Contraceptives | 649 (22.1%) | 410 (29.3%) | 239 (15.5%) | < 0.001 | |
Gender attitudes | |||||
Sexual double standard | Mean (SD) range 1–5 | 2.7 (1.0) | 2.7 (1.0) | 2.7 (1.0) | 0.92 |
Gender-stereotypical traits | Mean (SD) range 1–5 | 3.9 (0.7) | 3.9 (0.7) | 3.8 (0.7) | < 0.001 |
Gender-stereotypical roles | Mean (SD) range 1–5 | 3.9 (1.0) | 3.9 (1.0) | 3.8 (0.9) | 0.054 |
Ok to tease a boy/girl who behaves like opposite gender | Do not agree | 3118 (72.4%) | 1375 (67.7%) | 1743 (76.5%) | < 0.001 |
Agree | 1191 (27.6%) | 656 (32.3%) | 535 (23.5%) | ||
Comfort with body and emerging sexuality | |||||
Body satisfaction | Mean (SD) range 1–5 | 3.6 (0.8) | 3.8 (0.8) | 3.5 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
Negative | 1258 (29.2%) | 466 (22.9%) | 792 (34.8%) | < 0.001 | |
Positive | 3051 (70.8%) | 1565 (77.1%) | 1486 (65.2%) | ||
Comfort with pubertal development | Do not agree | 760 (17.6%) | 455 (22.4%) | 305 (13.4%) | < 0.001 |
Neutral | 661 (15.3%) | 221 (10.9%) | 440 (19.3%) | ||
Agree | 2888 (67.0%) | 1355 (66.7%) | 1533 (67.3%) | ||
Feelings of guilt about sexuality | Low | 731 (17.0%) | 482 (23.7%) | 249 (10.9%) | < 0.001 |
High | 3578 (83.0%) | 1549 (76.3%) | 2029 (89.1%) | ||
Normal to be curious about love/sexuality | Do not agree | 1220 (28.3%) | 487 (24.0%) | 733 (32.2%) | < 0.001 |
Agree | 2337 (54.2%) | 1204 (59.3%) | 1133 (49.7%) | ||
Do not know | 752 (17.5%) | 340 (16.7%) | 412 (18.1%) | ||
Perceived relational self-efficacy | |||||
Communicate romantic feelings | Low | 2559 (59.4%) | 1029 (50.7%) | 1530 (67.2%) | < 0.001 |
High | 1750 (40.6%) | 1002 (49.3%) | 748 (32.8%) | ||
Say “no” to unwanted interaction | Low | 1861 (43.2%) | 1006 (49.5%) | 855 (37.5%) | < 0.001 |
High | 2448 (56.8%) | 1025 (50.5%) | 1423 (62.5%) | ||
Prevent pregnancy | Low | 3767 (87.4%) | 1682 (82.8%) | 2085 (91.5%) | < 0.001 |
High | 542 (12.6%) | 349 (17.2%) | 193 (8.5%) | ||
Freedom from peer bullying and violence | |||||
Bullied by peers in last 6 months | No | 2155 (50.0%) | 963 (47.4%) | 1192 (52.3%) | < 0.001 |
Yes, by both boys/girls | 1721 (39.9%) | 960 (47.3%) | 761 (33.4%) | ||
Yes, by opposite sex only | 433 (10.0%) | 108 (5.3%) | 325 (14.3%) | ||
Reason for bullying± | Due to gender | 881 (40.9%) | 455 (42.6%) | 426 (39.2%) | 0.111 |
Other reason | 1273 (59.1%) | 613 (57.4%) | 660 (60.8%) | ||
Physical violence from peers in last 6 months | No | 3587 (83.2%) | 1525 (75.1%) | 2062 (90.5%) | < 0.001 |
Yes, by both boys/girls | 510 (11.8%) | 376 (18.5%) | 134 (5.9%) | ||
Yes, by opposite sex only | 212 (4.9%) | 130 (6.4%) | 82 (3.6%) | ||
Any peer violence (combined bullying or physical) | No | 882 (43.4%) | 1174 (51.5%) | 2056 (47.7%) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 1149 (56.6%) | 1104 (48.5%) | 2252 (52.3%) |