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Table 2 Comparisons of fetal diaphragm functional parameters among groups

From: Evaluation of fetal diaphragm excursion and thickness in term pregnancies complicated with pre-gestational and gestational diabetes mellitus

 

GDM group (n = 35)

Pre-gestational DM (n = 35)

Control group (n = 35)

p-value

DT inspiration (mm)

2.61 ± 0.17ab

2.69 ± 0.17a

2.53 ± 0.18b

0.001

DT expiration (mm)

2.45 ± 0.18ab

2.54 ± 0.15a

2.35 ± 0.20b

< 0.001

DE (mm)

5.55 (5.30–5.80)a

5.20 (5.10–5.45)b

5.90 (5.60–6.20)c

< 0.001

CDA Inspiration (degrees)

61.71 ± 3.78a

57.86 ± 3.42b

62.09 ± 3.79a

< 0.001

CDA expiration (degrees)

50 (46–51)

51 (46–53)

50 (48–52)

0.662

DTF

6.53 (5.56–8.57)ab

5.84 (5–7.14)a

6.67 (5.88–9.43)b

0.045

  1. *Different superscripts indicate statistically significant difference