Unmet need for contraception and its associated factors among women in Papua New Guinea: analysis from the demographic and health survey

Agyekum, Amma Kyewaa; Adde, Kenneth Setorwu; Aboagye, Richard Gyan; Salihu, Tarif; Seidu, Abdul-Aziz; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku

doi:10.1186/s12978-022-01417-7

Reproductive Health

Table 1 Distribution of unmet need across explanatory variables

From: Unmet need for contraception and its associated factors among women in Papua New Guinea: analysis from the demographic and health survey

Variable	Weighted N	Weighted %	Unmet needs for contraception
Variable			No (%) 67.8%	Yes (%) 32.2%	P-value
Women’s age (years)					0.096
15–19	365	4.6	65.2 [57.6, 72.2]	34.8 [27.8, 42.4]
20–24	1472	18.5	64.0 [59.9,68.0]	36.0 [32.0, 40.1]
25–29	1820	22.9	69.8 [66.6, 72.8]	30.2 [27.2, 33.4]
30–34	1554	19.5	70.2 [67.0, 73.2]	29.8 [26.8, 33.0]
35–39	1371	17.3	68.1 [64.0, 72.0]	31.9 [28.0, 36.0]
40–44	854	10.7	64.7 [60.2, 69.0]	35.3 [31.0, 39.8]
45–49	514	6.5	70.5[65.1, 75.4]	29.5 [24.6, 34.9]
Level of education					0.003
No education	1982	24.9	62.0 [57.9, 65.9]	38.0 [34.1, 42.1]
Primary	3928	49.4	67.6 [65.7, 69.5]	32.4 [30.5, 34.3]
Secondary	1716	21.6	74.3 [71.3, 77.1]	25.7 [22.9, 28.7]
Higher	324	4.1	71.6 [57.0, 82.7]	28.4 [17.3, 43.0]
Marital status					0.004
Married	6594	82.9	69.0 [67.2, 70.7]	31.0 [29.3, 32.8]
Cohabiting	1356	17.1	62.1 [57.6, 66.4]	37.9 [33.6, 42.4]
Current working status					0.914
No	5389	67.8	67.9 [66.0, 69.7]	32.1 [30.3, 34.0]
Yes	2561	32.2	67.7 [64.8, 70.5]	32.3 [29.5,35.2]
Parity					0.077
Zero	632	8.0	74.3 [68.5,79.3]	25.7 [20.7,31.5]
1–3 births	4119	51.8	67.6 [65.4,69.7]	32.4 [30.3,34.6]
4 or more births	3199	40.2	66.8 [64.0,69.6]	33.2 [30.4,36.0]
Frequency of watching television					< 0.001
Not at all	6139	77.2	65.7 [63.7,67.6]	34.3 [32.4,36.3]
Less than once a week	729	9.2	74.7 [68.8,79.8]	25.3 [20.2,31.2]
At least once a week	1082	13.6	75.3 [71.6,78.7]	24.7 [21.3,28.4]
Frequency of listening to radio					< 0.001
Not at all	5118	64.4	64.5 [62.3,66.7]	35.5 [33.3,37.7]
Less than once a week	1506	18.9	72.6 [69.4,75.6]	27.4 [24.4,30.6]
At least once a week	1326	16.7	75.1 [71.7,78.2]	24.9 [21.8,28.3]
Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine
Not at all	5198	65.4	65.1 [63.0,67.2]	34.9 [32.8,37.0]
Less than once a week	1467	18.4	69.7 [65.5,73.6]	30.3 [26.4,34.5]
At least once a week	1285	16.2	76.7 [72.7,80.3]	23.3 [19.7,27.3]
Heard of family planning from newspaper or magazine last few months					0.009
No	6975	87.7	66.9 [65.1,68.7]	33.1 [31.3,34.9]
Yes	975	12.3	74.1 [69.2,78.5]	25.9 [21.5,30.8]
Heard of family planning from radio last few months					< 0.001
No	6912	86.9	66.8 [65.0,68.6]	33.2 [31.4,35.0]
Yes	1038	13.1	74.5 [71.2,77.6]	25.5 [22.4,28.8]
Heard of family planning from television last few months					0.002
No	7314	92.0	67.2 [65.4,68.9]	32.8 [31.1,34.6]
Yes	636	8.0	75.3 [70.8,79.4]	24.7 [20.6,29.2]
Person who usually decides on respondent’s health care					0.031
Respondent alone	2346	29.5	67.3 [63.8,70.6]	32.7 [29.4,36.2]
Respondent and partner	4392	55.2	70.0 [67.6,72.2]	30.0 [27.8,32.4]
Partner alone	1080	13.6	61.0 [55.9,65.8]	39.0[34.2,44.1]
Someone else or other	132	1.7	63.0 [43.9,78.7]	37.0 [21.3,56.1]
Wealthindex					< 0.001
Poorest	1471	18.5	58.7 [55.0,62.3]	41.3 [37.7,45.0]
Poorer	1529	19.2	64.0 [60.1,67.7]	36.0 [32.3,39.9]
Middle	1582	19.9	68.2 [64.5,71.7]	31.8 [28.3,35.5]
Richer	1656	20.8	71.0 [67.9,73.9]	29.0 [26.1,32.1]
Richest	1712	21.5	75.6 [73.0,78.1]	24.4 [21.9,27.0]
Sex of household head					0.224
Male	6916	87.0	67.4 [65.7,69.1]	32.6 [30.9,34.3]
Female	1034	13.0	70.4 [65.6,74.8]	29.6 [25.2,34.4]
Place of residence					< 0.001
Urban	1011	12.7	75.0 [72.3,77.5]	25.0 [22.5,27.7]
Rural	6939	87.3	66.8 [64.9,68.6]	33.2 [31.4,35.1]
Region					0.009
Southern region	1583	19.9	71.7 [69.1,74.1]	28.3 [25.9,30.9]
Highlands region	3007	37.8	67.0 [63.8,70.1]	33.0 [29.9,36.2]
Momase region	2172	27.3	64.5 [61.3,67.6]	35.5 [32.4,38.7]
Islands region	1188	14.9	70.7 [66.9,74.1]	29.3 [25.9,33.1]

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