Table 1 Demographic characteristics of subjects according to pre-pregnancy BMI
|  | Na | Mean ± SD / N (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal and Offspring`s Characteristics |  | Underweight (n = 94) | Normal BMI (n = 356) | Overweight or Obesity (n = 106) |
Categorical variable | ||||
 Maternal age (years) |  |  |  |  |
   ≤25 | 181 | 41 (44.57%) | 115 (32.76%) | 25 (23.81%) |
  25–29 | 173 | 35 (38.04%) | 107 (30.48%) | 31 (29.52%) |
   > 29 | 194 | 16 (17.39%) | 129 (36.75%) | 49 (46.67%) |
 Education |  |  |  |  |
  Primary school or below | 16 | 0 | 12 (3.44%) | 4 (3.85%) |
  Middle high school | 166 | 24 (25.81%) | 105 (30.09%) | 37 (35.58%) |
  High school | 129 | 20 (21.51%) | 85 (24.36%) | 24 (23.08%) |
  College or above | 235 | 49 (52.69%) | 147 (42.12%) | 39 (37.50%) |
 Passive smoking |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 232 | 43 (53.13%) | 150 (51.37%) | 39 (46.99%) |
  No | 221 | 35 (44.87%) | 142 (48.63%) | 44 (53.01%) |
 Parity |  |  |  |  |
  Nulliparous | 177 | 42 (44.68%) | 111 (31.18%) | 24 (22.64%) |
  Multiparous | 379 | 52 (55.32%) | 245 (68.82%) | 82 (77.36%) |
 Folic acid intake |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 453 | 76 (88.37%) | 287 (88.04%) | 90 (90.00%) |
  No | 59 | 10 (11.63%) | 39 (11.96%) | 10 (10.00) |
Continuous Variable | ||||
 Gestational week | 556 | 38.93 (1.06) | 38.97 (1.03) | 38.94 (1.06) |
 Infant weight (g) | 511 | 3225.88 (334.76) | 3360.02 (397.91) | 3518.30 (394.89) |