Table 1 Items of attitudes or behaviors of reproductive health measurement and hope measurement

It is okay for girls to say no when they don't want to be touched by boys

It is good to have babies during adolescence (reverse item)

It is dangerous to accept someone's lift when going and coming back from school

I better concentrate only on my studies; love will come later

It is not good that some adults, especially men, take advantage of their wealth or position in society to pressure young people, especially girls, to have sex with them

I better engage in sexual activities with an older man to get money when we don't have enough money at home (reverse item)

I believe reproductive health education for young people will increase their sexual activities (reverse item)

I believe girls accept sex only because they want gifts or money (reverse item)

I can avoid becoming pregnant if I can avoid sex or use intact condoms

I will not have sex with a boy who is my friend

I put boys under pressure to have sex

I want to have sex with my boyfriend before marriage because I love him (reverse item)

If I don’t want to have sexual intercourse, but my friends or partner forces me to do so, I will agree (reverse item)

I will say yes to sex because it is a part of our life (reverse item)

I have a positive outlook toward life

I have short and/or long-range goals

I feel all alone (reverse item)

I can see possibilities in the midst of difficulties

I have a faith that gives me comfort

I feel scared about my future (reverse item)

I can recall happy/joyful times

I have deep inner strength

I am able to give and receive caring/love

I have a sense of direction

I believe that each day has potential

I feel my life has value and worth