Early sexual debut is associated with drug use and decreased educational attainment among males and females in Kisumu County, Kenya

Table 2 Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals for factors potentially associated with early sexual debut

Characteristic	Unadjusted prevalence ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	P	Adjusted prevalence ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	P
Sex
Male	Ref.
Female	0.80 (0.71, 0.91)	0.0008	0.78 (0.67, 0.90)	0.0008
Age
18–24	Ref.
25–29	0.98 (0.85, 1.14)	0.79	0.88 (0.76, 1.02)	0.09
> 30	1.04 (0.88, 1.22)	0.66	0.91 (0.77, 1.08)	0.30
Education
None/some primary	Ref.
Primary/some secondary	0.74 (0.65, 0.86)	< 0.0001	0.76 (0.66, 0.88)	0.0003
Secondary or more	0.59 (0.50, 0.69)	< 0.0001	0.56 (0.47, 0.66)	< 0.0001
Number of partners
0–1	Ref.
2–5	1.43 (1.18, 1.72)	0.0002	1.11 (0.83, 1.49)	0.48
6–10	1.41 (1.11, 1.80)	0.0054	1.23 (0.89, 1.69)	0.21
> 11	1.31 (1.04, 1.65)	0.023	1.30 (0.94, 1.81)	0.11
Transactional sex
No	Ref.
Yes	1.09 (0.96, 1.25)	0.19	–	–
Non-injectable drug use
No	Ref.		Ref.
Yes	1.43 (1.24, 1.65)	< 0.0001	1.28 (1.10, 1.49)	0.0012
HIV status
Living without HIV	Ref
Living with HIV	1.03 (0.87, 1.20)	0.76	–	–

Table 2 displays the results from unadjusted and fully adjusted robust Poisson models of factors potentially associated with self-reported early sexual debut (ESD). Variables with unadjusted p < 0.05 were included in the fully adjusted model, with the exception of gender and age, which were selected a priori for inclusion in the multivariable model. Statistically significant prevalence ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and p-values (p ≤0.05) are in bold

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