Table 1 Explanatory variables, the proportion who did not seek help from anyone, and Chi-squared tests
Variable | Frequency (n = 53,446) | Proportion who did not seek help from anyone (%) | χ2 (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic | |||
Residence | χ2 = 1.54 (< 0.001) | ||
Urban | 20,054 | 61.0 | |
Rural | 33,392 | 60.6 | |
Education | χ2 = 162.77 (< 0.001) | ||
No education | 16,413 | 63.7 | |
Primary | 21,046 | 57.7 | |
Secondary | 14,201 | 61.0 | |
Higher | 1786 | 68.5 | |
Wealth status | χ2 = 65.82 (< 0.001) | ||
Poorest | 10,626 | 59.6 | |
Poorer | 11,049 | 59.0 | |
Middle | 10.714 | 60.0 | |
Richer | 10,847 | 61.1 | |
Richest | 10,210 | 63.5 | |
Current marital status | χ2 = 559.17(< 0.001) | ||
Never in a marital union | 406 | 60.6 | |
Married | 32,572 | 63.5 | |
Cohabitation | 11,881 | 60.0 | |
Widowed | 1789 | 57.9 | |
Divorced | 2050 | 46.2 | |
Separated | 4748 | 49.9 | |
Age (years) | χ2 = 81.52 (< 0.001) | ||
15–19 | 2744 | 68.0 | |
20–24 | 9113 | 61.6 | |
25–29 | 11,481 | 61.4 | |
30–34 | 10,075 | 59.9 | |
35–39 | 8656 | 59.4 | |
40–44 | 6367 | 58.4 | |
45–49 | 5010 | 60.4 | |
Occupation | χ2 = 169.00 (< 0.001) | ||
Not working | 11,201 | 66.0 | |
Working | 42,245 | 59.3 | |
Violence experience | |||
Generational violence | χ2 = 232.90 (< 0.001) | ||
No | 45,740 | 59.5 | |
Yes | 7706 | 68.1 | |
Emotional violence | χ2 = 1.7e + 03 (< 0.001) | ||
No | 25,068 | 70.3 | |
Yes | 28,378 | 52.2 | |
Physical violence | χ2 = 856.86 (< 0.001) | ||
No | 15,650 | 70.0 | |
Yes | 37,706 | 56.9 | |
Sexual violence | χ2 = 85.88 (< 0.001) | ||
No | 38,699 | 61.8 | |
Yes | 14,747 | 57.8 | |
Justify wife beating | χ2 = 5.78 (0.016) | ||
No | 25,992 | 60.0 | |
Yes | 28,254 | 61.3 | |
Total | 53,446 | 60.7 | |