Table 2 Multivariate analysis of women who did not seek help for IPV from anyone

Violence experience

Generational violence

 No

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

1.26***(1.20, 1.33)

1.26***(1.19, 1.33)

Emotional violence

 No

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

0.53***(0.51, 0.55)

0.53***(0.51, 0.55)

Physical violence

 No

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

0.73***(0.70, 0.76)

0.74***(0.71, 0.77)

Sexual violence

 No

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

0.99(0.95, 1.03)

0.98(0.94, 1.02)

Justify wife beating

 No

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

1.11***(1.07, 1.15)

1.09***(1.05, 1.13)

Demographic

Residence

 Urban

Ref.

 Rural

1.02(0.97, 1.07)

Education

 No education

Ref.

 Primary

0.85***(0.81, 0.89)

 Secondary

0.87***(0.82, 0.92)

 Higher

0.94(0.83, 1.07)

Wealth status

 Poorest

Ref.

 Poorer

0.96(0.71, 1.25)

 Middle

0.99(0.93, 1.04)

 Richer

1.05(0.98, 1.11)

 Richest

1.14**(1.06, 1.23)

Current marital status

 Never in union

Ref.

 Married

0.94(0.71, 1.25)

 Cohabitation

0.85(0.64, 1.13)

 Widowed

0.83(0.61, 1.12)

 Divorced

0.54***(0.40, 0.72)

 Separated

0.62**(0.46, 0.83)

Age (years)

 15–19

Ref.

 20–24

0.88**(0.80, 0.96)

 25–29

0.84***(0.76, 0.92)

 30–34

0.82***(0.75. 0.90)

 35–39

0.83***(0.76, 0.92)

 40–44

0.81***(0.73, 0.89)

 45–49

0.84**(0.76, 0.94)

Occupation

 Not working

Ref.

 Working

0.83***(0.79, 0.87)

Country

 Angola

Ref.

 Burkina Faso

0.53***(0.46, 0.61)

 Benin

0.91(0.79, 1.05)

 Burundi

0.87*(0.78, 0.97)

 Congo DR

0.81***(0.72, 0.90)

 Cote d’Ivoire

0.62***(0.55, 0.71)

 Cameroon

0.94(0.83, 1.06)

 Ethiopia

1.93***(1.64, 2.28)

 Gabon

0.59***(0.52, 0.67)

 The Gambia

1.16(0.98, 1.38)

 Kenya

0.59***(0.52, 0.67)

 Liberia

0.53***(0.46, 0.60)

 Mali

2.27****(1.92, 2.69)

 Malawi

0.83**(0.73, 0.93)

 Nigeria

0.99(0.88, 1.13)

 Rwanda

0.50***(0.43, 0.59)

 Sierra Leone

0.61***(0.54, 0.68)

 Chad

0.90(0.79, 1.02)

 Togo

0.74***(0.65, 0.84)

 Tanzania

0.47***(0.42, 0.52)

 Uganda

0.99(0.89, 1.10)

 South Africa

0.70***(0.57, 0.85)

 Zambia

0.93(0.83, 1.04)

 Zimbabwe

0.86*(0.76, 0.97)