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Table 2 Cross tabulationa of “diagnosis of female infertility” and “type of semen alteration” in infertile couples seeking ART treatment for the first time stratified by “duration of infertility”

From: Both reduced ovarian reserve and severe semen alterations are overrepresented in couples seeking assisted reproductive technology treatment for the first time: a cross-sectional study

Duration of infertility

Diagnosis of female infertility

Type of semen alteration

Oligozoospermia

Asthenozoospermia

ACOATb

Idiopathic

 ≤ 2 years

Tubal factor

1.9 (1/53)c

28.3 (15/53)

9.4 (5/53)

60.4 (32/53)

 

Uterine factor

8.7 (8/92)

20.7 (19/92)

16.3 (15/92)

54.3 (50/92)

 

Endometriosis

10.3 (4/39)

35.9 (14/39)

10.3 (4/39)

43.6 (17/39)

 

Ovulatory dysfunction

13.8 (11/80)

17.5 (14/80)

22.5 (18/80)

46.3 (37/80)

 

Diminished ovarian reserve in women < 35 years

16.7 (6/36)

13.9 (5/36)

25.0 (9/36)

44.4 (16/36)

 

Diminished ovarian reserve in women ≥ 35 years

19.5 (8/41)

29.3 (12/41)

14.6 (6/41)

36.6 (15/41)

 

Idiopathic

9.4 (19/202)

22.3 (45/202)

24.3 (49/202)

44.1 (89/202)

 

Multiple female factors

9.6 (21/219)

24.7 (54/219)

14.2 (31/219)

51.6 (113/219)

 

Total

10.2 (78/762)

23.4 (178/762)

18.0 (137/762)

48.4 (369/762)

 > 2 years

Tubal factor

7.3 (3/41)

17.1 (7/41)

22.0 (9/41)

53.7 (22/41)

 

Uterine factor

14.0 (12/86)

16.3 (14/86)

30.2 (26/86)

39.5 (34/86)

 

Endometriosis

5.3 (2/38)

18.4 (7/38)

34.2 (13/38)

42.1 (16/38)

 

Ovulatory dysfunction

15.5 (9/58)

17.2 (10/58)

19.0 (11/58)

48.3 (28/58)

 

Diminished ovarian reserve in women < 35 years

18.5 (5/27)

3.7 (1/27)

33.3 (9/27)

44.4 (12/27)

 

Diminished ovarian reserve in women ≥ 35 years

5.1 (2/39)

28.2 (11/39)

23.1 (9/39)

43.6 (17/39)

 

Idiopathic

14.6 (23/158)

22.8 (36/158)

25.3 (40/158)

37.3 (59/158)

 

Multiple female factors

7.5 (13/174)

23.6 (41/174)

13.8 (24/174)

55.2 (96/174)

 

Total

11.1 (69/621)

20.5 (127/621)

22.7 (141/621)d

45.7 (284/621)

  1. ACOAT any combination of oligo-, astheno-, and teratozoospermia, ART assisted reproductive technology
  2. aLikelihood-ratio chi-square asymptotic significance (2-sided): P ≤ 0.001
  3. bHigher odds of having a duration of infertility > 2 years compared with men that did not exhibit ACOAT [OR (95% CI): 1.340 (1.030–1.744)]
  4. cValues are percentages and counts in parenthesis
  5. dValue significantly different from ACOAT couples exhibiting a duration of infertility ≤ 2 years (P ≤ 0.029)