Table 3 Baseline characteristics of ACOAT and non-ACOAT couples seeking ART treatment for the first time stratified by “duration of infertility”

Women’s age (years)

34.7 (34.2–35.3)^a

n = 137

34.8 (34.3–35.4)

n = 141

34.9 (34.6–35.1)

n = 480

Men’s age (years)

37.0 (36.2–37.9)

n = 137

37.6 (36.8–38.4)

n = 141

37.5 (37.0–37.9)

n = 480

Women’s BMI (kg/m²)

23.0 (22.5–23.7)

n = 137

23.9 (23.3–24.6)

n = 141

23.6 (23.3–24.0)

n = 480

No. of women’s brothers and sisters

1.2 (0.9–1.5)

n = 30

1.3 (0.8–1.8)

n = 36

1.4 (1.1–1.6)

n = 148

No. of men’s brothers and sisters

0.9 (0.6–1.3)

n = 33

1.1 (0.8–1.4)

n = 41

1.5 (1.3–1.7)

n = 167

Female tobacco smoking^b

 0

75.2 (103/137)^c

71.6 (101/141)

74.4 (357/480)

 ≥1

24.8 (34/137)

28.4 (40/141)

25.6 (123/480)

Female tobacco smoking ≥ 1^b

14.0 (12.0–15.9)

n = 34

15.3 (13.6–16.9)^d

n = 40

13.4 (12.5–14.2)

n = 123

Male tobacco smoking^b

 0

73.0 (100/137)

59.6 (84/141)

65.8 (316/480)

 ≥1

27.0 (37/137)

40.4 (57/141)^e

34.2 (164/480)

Male tobacco smoking ≥ 1^b

15.8 (14.1–17.5)

n = 37

17.4 (16.1–18.6)

n = 57

16.7 (16.0–17.5)

n = 164

Length of the menstrual cycle (days)

30.6 (28.6–32.6)

n = 137

29.2 (28.1–30.3)^f

n = 141

31.5 (30.3–32.8)

n = 480

No. of previous IUI cycles

 0

79.6 (109/137)

79.4 (112/141)

47.7 (229/480)

 ≥1

20.4 (28/137)

20.6 (29/141)^g

52.3 (251/480)

No. of previous IUI cycles ≥ 1

1.9 (1.6–2.3)

n = 28

2.1 (1.7–2.6)^h

n = 29

2.6 (2.5–2.8)

n = 251

Women’s medical conditionⁱ

 Healthy

73.0 (100/137)

73.8 (104/141)

74.6 (358/480)

 Diseased

27.0 (37/137)

26.2 (37/141)

25.4 (122/480)

Men’s medical conditionⁱ

 Healthy

83.2 (114/137)

81.6 (115/141)

87.1 (418/480)

 Diseased

16.8 (23/137)

18.4 (26/141)

12.9 (62/480)

Type of ACOAT alteration

–

 Oligoasthenozoospermia

46.0 (63/137)

44.7 (63/141)

–

 Oligoteratozoospermia

1.5 (2/137)

0.7 (1/141)

–

 Asthenoteratozoospermia

10.2 (14/137)

20.6 (29/141)^j

–

 Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia

42.3 (58/137)

34.0 (48/141)

–

AFC^k

16.3 (14.8–17.9)

n = 137

13.9 (12.8–15.0)^l,m

n = 141

16.2 (15.3–17.0)

n = 480

AMH (ng/ml)^k

2.4 (2.2–2.7)

n = 137

2.0 (1.8–2.1)^n,o

n = 141

2.4 (2.2–2.6)

n = 480

FSH (mIU/ml)^k

7.0 (6.6–7.5)

n = 137

6.9 (6.6–7.3)

n = 141

7.1 (6.7–7.6)

n = 480

LH (mIU/ml)^k

6.4 (6.0–6.9)

n = 137

8.6 (4.3–13.0)

n = 141

6.8 (6.2–7.4)

n = 480

E₂ (pg/ml)^k

54.1 (47.9–60.3)

n = 137

51.9 (47.5–56.4)

n = 141

53.5 (50.1–56.8)

n = 480

TSH (µIU/ml)^k

3.1 (1.1–5.0)

n = 137

2.1 (2.0–2.3)

n = 141

2.2 (2.1–2.3)

n = 480

PRL (ng/ml)^k

23.5 (21.0–26.1)

n = 137

23.8 (21.5–26.1)

n = 141

23.9 (19.5–28.4)

n = 480