Table 3 Multivariable Logistic regression for adoption of female sterilization post abortion in last five years by selected covariates in India , NFHS, 2019–21

Background variables

Spacing method Vs No method

Permanent method Vs No method

Any Modern Method Vs No method

AOR (95% CI)

Place of residence

 Urban

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Rural

0.83**(0.70–0.98)

0.81 (0.59–1.13)

0.84**(0.72–0.99)

Region

 Northern

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Central

1.03 (0.83–1.29)

1.07 (0.67–1.72)

1.03 (0.84–1.28)

 Eastern

0.97 (0.77–1.22)

2.19***(1.39–3.46)

1.09 (0.88–1.35)

 North-Eastern

1.12 (0.88–1.42)

0.22***(0.10–0.50)

1.01 (0.81–1.27)

 Western

0.72**(0.54–0.96)

2.28***(1.29–4.05)

0.88 (0.67–1.16)

 Southern

0.43***(0.33–0.57)

4.21***(2.54–6.98)

0.70***(0.54–0.90)

Caste

 SC/ST

1.00

1.00

1.00

 OBC

1.08 (0.91–1.28)

0.75 (0.53–1.06)

1.01 (0.86–1.19)

 Others

1.17 (0.97–1.41)

1.34 (0.87–2.06)

1.18*(0.99–1.42)

Religion

 Hindu

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Non-Hindu

1.06 (0.86–1.32)

0.58*(0.33–1.03)

0.95 (0.76–1.19)

Age of women (in completed years)

 15–29

1.00

1.00

1.00

 30–39

0.64***(0.50–0.81)

0.97 (0.64–1.47)

0.70***(0.56–0.88)

 40 + 

0.47***(0.32–0.7)

0.79 (0.34–1.82)

0.53***(0.36–0.77)

Educational status

 No education

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Primary

1.25 (0.96–1.64)

1.12 (0.75–1.66)

1.24*(0.96–1.59)

 Secondary

1.27**(1.02–1.59)

0.64**(0.46–0.90)

1.13 (0.92–1.39)

 Higher

1.47***(1.12–1.92)

0.42***(0.23–0.79)

1.19 (0.93–1.53)

Child sex composition

 No child

1.00

1.00

 Only son

1.16 (0.82–1.64)

1.00

1.25 (0.89–1.77)

 Only daughter

1.45**(1.02–2.05)

0.86 (0.61–1.21)

1.49**(1.05–2.11)

 Both

1.29 (0.88–1.87)

0.71 (0.42–1.21)

1.42*(0.98–2.08)

Parity of women

 Less than 2 children

1.00

1.00

1.00

 More than 2 children

0.62***(0.47–0.82)

5.08***(2.69–9.61)

0.79*(0.61–1.02)

Ideal number of children in relation to actual living children

 Ideal = actual

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Ideal is more than actual

0.80 (0.61–1.05)

0.72 (0.46–1.15)

0.80*(0.62–1.02)

 Ideal is less than actual

0.86*(0.71–1.03)

0.79 (0.57–1.10)

0.84*(0.71 1.01)

Age at abortion

 Less than 20

1.00

1.00

1.00

 21–24

0.94 (0.70–1.26)

2.77 (0.63–12.22)

0.99 (0.73–1.33)

 25–29

1.15 (0.87–1.52)

3.94*(0.88–17.66)

1.24 (0.94–1.64)

 30 + 

1.57**(1.09–2.26)

4.03*(0.82–19.84)

1.56**(1.09–2.24)

Timing of abortion

 First trimester

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Second trimester

0.90 (0.70–1.16)

0.81 (0.53–1.25)

0.90 (0.72–1.12)

Place of abortion

 Home

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Public facility

0.73*(0.53–1.01)

1.33 (0.77–2.32)

0.82 (0.60–1.12)

 Private facility

0.79 (0.60–1.06)

0.86 (0.53–1.40)

0.79 (0.59–1.05)

Person performed abortion

 Others/self

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Health professional

1.14 (0.86–1.50)

2.03***(1.25–3.30)

1.24 (0.94–1.64)

Procedure used for abortion

 Surgical

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Non-Surgical

1.00 (0.83–1.19)

0.59***(0.41–0.85)

0.90 (0.75–1.07)

 Reason for abortion

Unplanned pregnancy

1.00

1.00

1.00

Medical issues

0.72**(0.58–0.88)

0.87 (0.56–1.32)

0.71**(0.57–0.87)

Others

1.05(0.87–1.25)

1.06 (0.71–1.62)

1.05(0.88–1.26)