Table 4 Bivariate analysis of the determinants of condom use among the youth in Malawi.
Independent variable | Male used a condom in the past 4 months | Female used a condom in the past 4 months | Condom use among the youth | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | Chi-square value (p-value) | Yes | No | Chi-square value (p-value) | Yes | No | Chi-square value (p-value) | |
Y (%) | N (%) | Y (%) | N (%) | Y (%) | N (%) | ||||
Age grouped | |||||||||
15–19 | 394 (45.8) | 200 (29.3) | 43.416 (0.001) | 518 (54.4) | 1168(27.9) | 248.027 (0.001) | 912 (50.3) | 1368 (28.1) | 290.584 (0.001) |
20–24 | 467 (54.2) | 482 (70.7) | 434 (45.6) | 3023(72.1) | 901 (49.7) | 3505 (71.6) | |||
Marital status | |||||||||
Never married | 740 (85.9) | 251 (36.8) | 400.005 (0.001) | 627 (65.9) | 359 (8.6) | 1643.438 (0.001) | 1367 (75.4) | 610 (12.5) | 2508.86 |
Ever married | 121 (14.1) | 431 (63.2) | 325 (34.1) | 3832(91.4) | 446 (24.6) | 4263 (87.5) | -0.001 | ||
Place of residence | |||||||||
Urban | 212 (24.6) | 95 (13.9) | 27.302 (0.001) | 276 (29.0) | 750 (17.9) | 59.811 (0.001) | 488 (26.9) | 845 (17.3) | 75.915 (0.001) |
Rural | 649 (75.4) | 587 (86.1) | 676 (71.0) | 3441(82.1) | 1325(73.1) | 4263 (87.5) | |||
Education | |||||||||
No education | 13 (1.5) | 25 (3.7) | 48.813 (0.001) | 19 (2.0) | 224 (5.3) | 128.680 (0.001) | 32 (1.8) | 249 (5.1) | 211. 942 (0.001) |
Primary | 469 (54.5) | 470(68.9) | 514 (54.0) | 2875 (68.6) | 983 (54.2) | 3345 (68.8) | |||
Secondary and higher | 379 (44.0) | 187 (27.4) | 419 (44.0) | 1092 (26.1) | 798 (44.0) | 1279 (26.2) | |||
Religion | |||||||||
Catholic | 170 (19.7) | 135 (19.8) | 1.974 (0.373) | 180 (16.7) | 700 (16.7) | 3.873 (0.144) | 350 (19.3) | 835 (17.1) | 5.148 (0.76) |
Protestants | 583 (67.7) | 445 (65.2) | 668 (70.2) | 2966 (70.8) | 1251(69.0) | 34,411(70.0) | |||
Muslim and others | 108 (12.5) | 102 (65.2) | 104 (10.9) | 525 (12.5) | 212(11.7) | 627 (12.9) | |||
Ethnic group | |||||||||
Chewa | 216 (30.3) | 233 (34.2) | 29.119 (0.001) | 245 (25.7) | 1391 (33.2) | 60.927 (0.001) | 506 (27.9) | 1624 (33.3) | 66.226 (0.001) |
Tumbuka | 97 (11.3) | 48 (7.0) | 97 (10.2) | 406 (9.7) | 194 (10.7) | 454 (9.3) | |||
Lomwe | 138 (16,0) | 138 (20.2) | 196 (20.6) | 768 (18.3) | 334 (18.4) | 906 (18.6) | |||
Tonga | 16 (2.3) | 16 (2.3) | 61 (6.4) | 116 (2.8) | 109 (6.0) | 132 (2.7) | |||
Yao | 92 (10.7) | 80 (11.7) | 112 (11.8) | 496 (11.8) | 204 (11.3) | 576 (11.8) | |||
Sena | 34 (5.0) | 34 (5.0) | 36 (4.6) | 192 (4.6) | 79 (4.4) | 226 (4.6) | |||
Nkhonde | 8 (1.2) | 8 (1.2) | 9 (0.9) | 53(1.3) | 30 (1.7) | 61 (1.3) | |||
Ngoni | 115 (13.4) | 80 (11.7) | 121 (12.7) | 502 (12.0) | 236 (13.0) | 582 (11.9) | |||
Mang’anja | 17 (2.5) | 17 (2.5) | 24 (2.6) | 80 (1.6) | 97 (2.0) | 97 (2.0) | |||
Nyanya | 8 (0.9) | 6 (0.9) | 30 (3.2) | 66 (1.6) | 72 (1.5) | 72 (1.5) | |||
Others | 17 (2.0) | 22 (3.2) | 21 (2,2) | 121 (2.9) | 143 (2.9) | 142 (2.9) | |||
Region | |||||||||
Northern | 192 (22.3) | 91 (13.3) | 20.497 (0.001) | 204 (21.4) | 720 (17.9) | 21.747 (0.001) | 396 (21.8) | 811 (16.6) | 33.785 (0.001) |
Central | 279 (32.4) | 252 (37.0) | 280 (29.4) | 1546 (36.9) | 559 (30.8) | 1798 (36.9) | |||
Southern | 390 (45.3) | 339 (49.7) | 468 (49.2) | 1925 (45.9) | 585 (47.3) | 2264 (46.5) | |||
Currently working | |||||||||
No | 237 (27.5) | 113 (16.6) | 26.052 (0.001) | 498 (52.3) | 1742 (41.6) | 36.437 (0.001) | 735 (40.5) | 1855 (38.1) | 3.407 (0.065) |
Yes | 624 (72.5) | 569 (83.4) | 454 (47.7) | 2449 (58.4) | 1078(59.5) | 3018 (61.9) | |||
Lifetime number of sexual partners | |||||||||
One sexual partner | 175 (20.3) | 116 (17.0) | 2.735 (0.98) | 480 (50.4) | 2347 (56.6) | 9.761 (0.002) | 655 (36.1) | 2463 (50.5) | 110.342 (0.001) |
Multiple sexual partners and others | 686 (79.7) | 566 (83.0) | 472 (49.6) | 1844 (44.0) | 1158(63.9) | 2410 (49.5) | |||
Ever tested for HIV | |||||||||
No | 312 (37.3) | 204 (29.9) | 9.209 (0.002) | 245 (25.7) | 418 (10.0) | 171.624 (0.001) | 56 (31.2) | 622 (12.8) | 308.004 (0.001) |
Yes | 540 (62.7) | 478 (70.1) | 707 (74.3) | 3773 (90.0) | 1247 (68.8) | 251 (87.2) | |||