Table 3 Frequency distribution and reported prevalence of maternal health services utilization across different characteristics of women in West Africa region, 2012–2021
Variable categories | Total weighted sample size [N(%)] | Overall maternal health service utilization | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not utilized [n(%)] | Partially utilized [n(%)] | Adequately utilized [n(%)] | Test statistics | ||
N = 89,504 | 8,740( 9.8) | 59,407(66.4) | 21,357(23.9) |  | |
Age in years | |||||
 15–24 | 24,067(26.9) | 2,319( 9.6) | 16,198(67.3) | 5,550(23.1) | X2 = 43.04 p = 0.031 |
 25–34 | 41,732(46.6) | 3,828(9.2) | 27,693(66.4) | 10,211(24.4) | |
 35–49 | 23,706(26.5) | 2,593(10.9) | 15,516(65.5) | 5,596(23.6) | |
Marital status | |||||
 In marital relation | 80,739(90.2) | 8,313(10.3) | 53,514(66.3) | 18,912(23.4) | X2 = 238.28 |
 Not in union | 8,765(9.8) | 428(4.9) | 5,893(67.2) | 2,445(27.9) | p < 0.001 |
Educational status | |||||
 No education | 48,035(53.7) | 7,459(15.5) | 31,656(65.9) | 8,921(18.6) | X2 = 1428.18 p < 0.001 |
 Primary | 17,278(19.3) | 849(4.9) | 11,767(68.1) | 4,662(27.0) | |
 Secondary/ higher | 24,190(27.0) | 432(1.8) | 15,984(66.1) | 7,774(32.1) | |
Occupational status | |||||
 Employed | 64,967(72.6) | 6,726(10.4) | 42,393(65.2) | 15,848(24.4) | X2 = 63.71 |
 Un employed | 24,537(27.4) | 2,014(8.3) | 17,014(70.3) | 5,509(22.8) | p < 0.001 |
Residence | |||||
 Urban | 34,217(38.2) | 1,059(3.1) | 22,613(66.1) | 10,546(30.8) | X2 = 3208.28 |
 Rural | 55,287(61.8) | 7,681(13.9) | 36,794(66.6) | 10,811(19.5) | p < 0.001 |
Family size | |||||
  ≤ 5memeber | 34,430(38.5) | 2,856( 8.3) | 22,769(66.1) | 8,805(25.6) | X2 = 92.37 |
  > 5 member | 55,074(61.5) | 5,884(10.7) | 36,638(66.5) | 12,552(22.8) | p < 0.001 |
Head of household | |||||
 Male | 73,498(82.1) | 7,787(10.6) | 48,546(66.0) | 17,165(23.4) | X2 = 343.31 |
 Female | 16,006(17.9) | 953(5.9) | 10,861(67.9) | 4,192(26.2) | p < 0.001 |
Wealth index combined | |||||
 Poorest | 19,001(21.2) | 3,864(20.3) | 12,166(64.0) | 2,971(15.7) | X2 = 1921.37 p < 0.001 |
 Poorer | 18,861(21.0) | 2,725(14.4) | 12,558(66.6) | 3,578(19.0) | |
 Middle | 18,111(20.2) | 1,380(7.6) | 12,468(68.9) | 4,263(23.5) | |
 Richer | 17,619(19.7) | 625(3.6) | 12,041(68.3) | 4,953(28.1) | |
 Richest | 15,912(17.8) | 146(0.9) | 10,175(63.9) | 5,591(35.1) | |
Community Poverty | |||||
 Low | 32,321( 36.1) | 2,391(7.4) | 22,401(69.3) | 7,529(23.3) | X2 = 121.30 p < 0.001 |
 Middle | 29,294(32.7) | 2,458(8.4) | 19,236(65.7) | 7,601(26.0) | |
 High | 27,889(31.2) | 3,892(14.0) | 17,770(63.7) | 6,227(22.3) | |
Parity | |||||
 Nulliparous | 1,029(1.2) | 143(13.9) | 714(69.4) | 172(16.7) | X2 = 832.21 p < 0.001 |
 Primiparous | 18,591(20.8) | 1,202(6.5) | 12,057(64.9) | 5,332(28.7) | |
 Multiparous | 45,612(51.0) | 4,174(9.2) | 30,330(66.5) | 11,108(24.3) | |
 Grand multiparous | 24,272(27.1) | 3,221(13.3) | 16,305(67.2) | 4,746(19.5) | |
Children ever born | |||||
 One | 17,177(19.2) | 1,028(6.0) | 11,122(64.8) | 5,027(29.2) | X2 = 921.27 p < 0.001 |
 2–4 | 41,851(46.8) | 3,636( 8.7) | 27,734(66.3) | 10,481(25.0) | |
  ≥ 5 | 30,477(34.0) | 4,077(13.4) | 20,551(67.4) | 5,849 (19.19) | |
Planning status of last pregnancy | |||||
 Wanted | 71,758(80.2) | 7,642(6.2) | 47,412(67.6) | 16,704(26.2) | X2 = 293.22 p < 0.001 |
 Unwanted | 17,746(19.8) | 1,098 (10.7) | 11,995(66.1) | 4,653(23.3) | |
Reading newspaper | |||||
 Not at all | 81,630(91.3) | 8,612(10.5) | 54,493(66.8) | 18,525(22.7) | X2 = 952.77 p < 0.001 |
  < once a week | 5,303(5.9) | 98( 1.8) | 3,423(64.6) | 1,782(33.6) | |
 At least once a week | 2,539(2.8) | 27(1.1) | 1,479(58.3) | 1,032(40.6) | |
Listening to a radio | |||||
 Not at all | 38,561(43.1) | 5,678(14.8) | 26,041(67.5) | 6,842(17.7) | X2 = 2213.16 p < 0.001 |
  ≥ once a week | 22,809(25.5) | 1,639(7.2) | 15,320(67.2) | 5,850 (25.6) | |
 Once and more a week | 28,134(31.4) | 1,423(5.1) | 18,046(64.1) | 8,665(30.8) | |
Watching TV | |||||
 Not at all | 50,133(56.0) | 7,405( 14.8) | 33,713(67.2) | 9,016(18.0) | X2 = 1192.42 p < 0.001 |
  < once a week | 15,398(17.2) | 794( 5.2) | 10,523(68.3) | 4,081(26.5) | |
  ≥ once a week | 23,951(26.8) | 541(2.3) | 15,159(63.3) | 8,251(34.4) | |
Covered by health insurance | |||||
 Yes | 5,267(5.9) | 72(1.4) | 2,636(50.0) | 2,559(48.6) | X2 = 1091.23 |
 No | 84,237(94.1) | 8,668(10.3) | 56,771(67.4) | 18,798(22.3) | p < 0.001 |
Distance to a health facility | |||||
 Big problem | 31,674(35.4) | 4,572(14.4) | 20,847(65.8) | 6,254(19.78) | X2 = 391.12 |
 Not a big problem | 57,830(64.6) | 4,168(7.2) | 38,560(66.7) | 15,103(26.1) | p < 0.001 |
Getting money | |||||
 Big problem | 47,675(53.3) | 5,784(12.1) | 31,353(65.8) | 10,538(22.1) | X2 = 647.60 |
 Not a big problem | 41,829(46.7) | 2,956(7.1) | 28,054(67.1) | 10,819(25.8) | p < 0.001 |
Obtaining permission | |||||
 Big problem | 17,054(19.0) | 2,649(15.5) | 11,299(66.3) | 3,106(18.2) | X2 = 1091.23 |
 Not a big problem | 72,450(81.0) | 6,091(8.4) | 48,108(66.4) | 18,251(25.2) | p < 0.001 |
Attitude toward wife beating | |||||
 Low | 62,034(69.3) | 5,160( 8.3) | 41,125(66.3) | 15,749(25.4) | X2 = 847.31 p < 0.001 |
 Middle | 16,058(17.9) | 1,584(9.9) | 10,716(66.7) | 3,758(23.4) | |
 High | 11,413(12.8) | 1,996(17.5) | 7,566(66.3) | 1,850 (16.2) | |
Autonomy in decision-making | |||||
 Low | 44,592(49.8) | 6,193(13.9) | 29,235(65.6) | 9,163(20.5) | X2 = 1007.33 p < 0.001 |
 Middle | 11,164(12.5) | 787(7.1) | 7,261(65.0) | 3,116(27.9) | |
 High | 33,748(37.7) | 1,760(5.2) | 22,911(67.9) | 9,077(26.9) | |