Table 7 Results of multilevel multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of partial and adequate maternal health services uptake of in West African countries, 2013–2021

Age in years

 15–24

1.17(1.09, 1.25)

1.17(0.96, 1.74)

0.85(0.78, 0.93)

0.86(0.79, 1.24)

 25–34

1.21(1.13, 1.28)

0.98(0.97, 1.47)

0.97(0.91, 1.04)

0.97(0.83, 1.15)

 35–49

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Marital status

 Not in union

0.74(.64,0.85)

0.83(0.74, 1.24)

0.91(0.78, 1.14)

1.42(0.93, 1.65)

 In marital relationship

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Educational status

 Secondary/higher

2.96(2.64, 3.31)**

3.05(2.70, 3.44)**

2.94(2.63, 3.29)**

3.22(2.85, 3.63)**

 Primary

2.16(1.98, 2.36)**

2.56(2.32, 2.82)**

2.14(1.96, 2.31)**

2.56(2.32, 2.82)**

 No education

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Occupation

 Employed

0.72(0.67, 1.16)

0.87(0.83. 1.19)

0.98(0.93, 1.04)

0.81(0.72, 1.03)

 Un employed

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Family size

  ≤ 5memeber

0.98(0.92, 1.04)

0.94(0.87, 1.14)

0.96(0.91, 1.02)

0.96(0.89, 1.03)

  > 5 member

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Household’s Head

 Female

1.28(1.16, 1.40)**

1.17(0.88, 1.39)

1.33(0.98, 1.45)

1.29(0.98, 1.42)

 Male

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Wealth index

 Richest

7.07(5.79, 8.62)**

10.1(8.2,12.39)**

4.89(4.08, 5.85)**

6.57(5.46, 7.92)**

 Richer

3.08(2.75, 3.43)**

4.02(3.56, 4.54)**

2.45(2.20, 2.72)**

2.90(2.59, 3.25)**

 Middle

1.93(1.78, 2.09)*

2.36(2.15, 2.59)**

1.74(1.61, 1.88)**

2.04(1.87, 2.23)**

 Poorer

1.22(1.14, 1.30)*

1.36(1.25, 1.47)*

1.25(1.17, 1.33)*

1.31(0.91, 1.42)

 Poorest

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Parity

 Grand multiparous

1.25(0.97, 1.61)

1.41(0.98, 1.92)

1.05(0.83, 1.32)

1.41(0.98, 1.92)

 Multiparous

1.45(1.17, 1.80)

1.98(1.47, 2.68)*

1.16(0.93, 1.46)

2.04(1.52, 2.75)**

 Primiparous

1.78(1.39, 2.28)**

3.13(2.31, 4.23)**

1.53(1.22, 1.93)*

3.21(2.36, 4.32)**

 Nulliparous

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Pregnancy status

 Wanted

1.41(1.28, 1.55)*

1.50(1.36, 1.67)*

1.29(1.18, 1.41)*

1.28(0.98, 1.40)

 Unwanted

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Reading newspaper

 At least once a week

1.01(0.78, 1.31)

1.14(0.78, 1.66)

0.89(0.64, 1.24)

1.20(0.83, 1.75)

  < once a week

0.97(0.67, 1.40)

1.03(0.79, 1.35)

1.13(0.90, 1.41)

1.04(0.79, 1.35)

 Not at all

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Listening to a radio

  ≥ Once per week

1.60(1.49, 1.73)

2.24 (2.07,2.44)**

1.55(1.44, 1.66)**

2.34(2.15, 2.54)**

  < once a week

1.31(1.22, 1.41)*

1.59(1.46, 1.73)*

1.36(1.27, 1.46)*

1.64(1.51, 1.78)*

 Not at all

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Watching TV

  ≥ Once per week

1.64(1.46, 1.84)**

2.64(1.76, 3.03)**

1.48(1.33, 1.64)

2.16(1.91, 2.44)**

  < once a week

1.36(1.24, 1.50)*

1.31(1.12, 1.46)*

1.26(0.96, 1.38)

1.51(1.36, 1.68)*

 Not at all

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Distance to a health facility

 Not a big problem

1.23(1.15, 1.31)*

1.31(0.94, 1.49)

1.39(1.23, 0.39)

1.51(1.30, 1.79)**

 Big problem

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Getting money

 Not a big problem

1.04(0.97, 1.11)

0.91(.83, 1.07)

1.10(0.93, 1.17)

0.94(0.86, 1.11)

 Big problem

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Obtaining permission

 Not a big problem

1.37(1.28, 1.47)*

1.72(1.58, 1.86)*

1.13(0.95, 1.42)

1.64(1.53, 1.77)*

 Big problem

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Using Health insurance

 Yes

2.42(1.85, 3.17)**

5.55(4.22, 7.29)**

3.78(2.92, 4.88)**

7.91(6.17, 9.98)**

 No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Attitude on wife beating

 Low

1.54(1.41, 1.68)**

2.02(1.82, 2.23)**

1.19(0.93, 1.36)

1.08(0.93, 1.25)

 Middle

1.34(1.25, 1.44)*

1.65(1.52, 1.80)*

1.34(0.96, 1.62)

1.63(1.49, 1.78)**

 High

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Decision-making autonomy

 High

1.76(1.61, 1.90)**

2.01(1.85, 2.18)**

1.92(1.59, 2.25)^**

2.67(2.43, 2.94)

 Middle

1.42(1.37, 1.89)*

1.64(1.48, 1.81)*

1.72(1.60, 1.84)*

1.36(1.14, 1.93)*

 Low

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Residence

 Rural

0.25(0.23, 0.27)**

0.14(0.13, 0.16)**

0.71(0.65, 0.78)

0.59(.54, 0.65)**

 Urban

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Community poverty

 Low

2.67(2.22, 3.22)

2,24(1.86, 2.70)**

1.41(1.34, 1.96)*

1.67(1.33, 2.06

 Middle

2.06(1.67, 2.56)

2.15(1.73, 2.68)**

1.14(0.95, 1.38)

0.87(0.72, 1.05)

 High

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref